The Secret Service · 精读课程

1篇章精读

先通读全文 1–2 遍（可听朗读），再进入后面的模块逐项过关；阅读英文正文时点击任何单词即可查词，加入生词本后可在右下角「📖 生词本」中复习、导出。

📋 本课概览

Reading A-Z Leveled Reader · 说明文 / 信息类文本（Expository Nonfiction）· 作者 John Perritano
Level U（F&P Q / DRA 40） · 全 24 页 · 1,579 词 · 蓝思约 700–800L
适合小学高年级～初一 · 建议分 3 次课完成（约 90–120 分钟）

  • 词汇：掌握 23 个核心词 + 12 个学术词（agent / oath / democracy / assassination…），能认读、能造句。
  • 句子：会拆解虚拟条件句、让步状语从句、as 引导倒装、被动语态链、非限定性定语从句等 8 类长难句。
  • 篇章：看懂说明文「由今溯古 → 沿时间线展开 → 回到今天」的结构，识别 6 种说明方法。
  • 思维：用思维导图梳理「职责演变」四条主线，完成三级复述挑战。
  • 输出：仿写历史说明段、写一篇「If I Were an Agent」观点短文。
🔥 读前热身 3 问（带着问题读）：① 为什么保护总统的机构叫「Secret（秘密）」Service？② 早年的总统为什么不肯让保镖跟着？③ 如果你是特勤局探员，最需要哪三样本领？

📖全文精读（英文原文 + 中文参考译文）

加粗的词是本课核心词汇。用下方播放器播放原版配套音频（mp3 全书朗读）；每章标题旁的「▶ 原音」按钮会从本章开始播放。

🎧 原版配套音频 · 全书朗读（16:32）

0:00 / 16:32
从本章播放：
结构分析已并入各章末尾（默认折叠）：阅读不被打扰，读完一章点开「📐 本章结构分析」对照复盘。
🏗 全文骨架（今 → 古 → 今）—— 先看整体，再读全文

这是一本典型的信息类说明文：结构是一个「圆环」——从 2009 年就职日的现场切入，往回追溯建国初期的民主传统、1865 年特勤局的诞生、三次总统遇刺带来的制度转折，最后再回到今天，讲警戒工作、第一家庭的代价、装备与誓言。读的时候同时抓两条线：时间线（1865 → 1901 → 今天）和矛盾线（总统要亲近百姓 ↔ 必须被保护）。

开篇 · 2009 就职日从今天的一个镜头切入
什么都没发生 = 最好的结果
➜
回溯 · 总统属于人民建国初期白宫不锁门
民主传统 ↔ 人身安全
➜
诞生 · 1865最初打假币，不是保镖
名字来自「秘密行动」
➜
转折 · 三次刺杀林肯 / 加菲尔德 / 麦金莱
1901 国会正式授权
➜
今天 · 怎么保护总部与威胁处置 / 家属代价
墨镜·耳麦·袖中麦克风
➜
收束 · 以危险为业里根枪击 → 35 人殉职
「挡一颗子弹」的誓言
➜
首尾闭环sworn an oath → sworn to stop them
由今溯古，再回到今天

Introduction p.4-6

🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.4
The Obamas walk to the White House on Inauguration Day 2009.
washingtonnewestcouple
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.4. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

All eyes were on Washington D.C.'s newest couple—the Obamas. It was January 21, 2009. Barack Obama had just been sworn in as the first African-American president of the United States.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 1 段（Introduction · 3 句）

① All eyes were on Washington D.C.'s newest couple—the Obamas.

📐 All eyes were on…「所有目光都集中在……」，开篇用一个镜头感极强的惯用表达，先不说是谁，把悬念吊起来。注意 were on 用介词 on 表示「目光落在某处」。
📐 newest 不是「最新的东西」，而是「刚刚登场的一对」；破折号后面的 the Obamas 才揭晓身份——这是说明文里常见的「先造势、后点名」写法。

② It was January 21, 2009.

📐 精确到「日」的时间，是纪实类说明文的标志。英文日期写法：月份 + 序数 + 逗号 + 年份，读作 January twenty-first, two thousand nine。就职日（Inauguration Day）在 1 月 20 日，此处 21 日是主要庆祝活动当天。

③ Barack Obama had just been sworn in as the first African-American president of the United States.

📐 had been sworn in 是过去完成时的被动：在这之前「已经」宣誓就职。swear an oath（宣誓）的过去分词是 sworn，第 3 段还会再出现一次 had sworn an oath，前后呼应。
📐 the first + 身份＝「第一位……」。African-American 是连字符复合形容词，作定语修饰 president；写作文时「序数词 + 身份」是很好用的历史句式。

The new president smiled as he walked down Pennsylvania Avenue to the White House. He held hands with the First Lady, Michelle Obama. The couple waved to the cheering crowd. Nearby, groups of men and women dressed in dark suits, some wearing sunglasses, moved along with the couple. Unlike most people in the crowd, these individuals were not looking at the new president and First Lady. Instead, their eyes were searching the crowd of people lining the street, looking for any hint of danger. These men and women were agents of the U.S. Secret Service.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 2 段（Introduction · 7 句）

① The new president smiled as he walked down Pennsylvania Avenue to the White House.

📐 as 在这里＝「一边……一边…… / 当……时」，引导时间状语从句，比 when 更强调「两个动作同时进行」：笑着 + 走著。
📐 宾夕法尼亚大道，连接国会大厦与白宫的「美国主街」，就职游行的经典路线。专有名词每个词首字母都要大写——本书 worksheet 第 2 题专门练这一条。

② He held hands with the First Lady, Michelle Obama.

📐 hold hands with sb「和某人手牵手」，过去式 held。一个温柔的细节，和后面紧绷的安保形成反差。
📐 First Lady 第一夫人，书后词汇表词；注意 F、L 都大写，因为它是专有名词/头衔。逗号后的 Michelle Obama 是同位语，进一步说明是谁。

③ The couple waved to the cheering crowd.

📐 wave to sb「向某人挥手」，to 表示对象。
📐 cheering 现在分词作定语＝「正在欢呼的」。crowd 人群，是本章的关键词——下一句马上要把它和探员的视线做对比。

④ Nearby, groups of men and women dressed in dark suits, some wearing sunglasses, moved along with the couple.

📐 dressed in… 过去分词短语作后置定语，等于 who were dressed in dark suits：穿着深色西装的人。分词定语是本书长难句的主角之一。
📐 some 代词＝「其中一些人」，wearing sunglasses 现在分词作伴随说明。第 20 页「Shades and Sleeves」一章会专门解释这副墨镜。
📐 move along with「随……一同移动」——不是站着围观，而是跟着队伍走，这个动词已经暗示了他们的身份是「随行护卫」。

⑤ Unlike most people in the crowd, these individuals were not looking at the new president and First Lady.

📐 Unlike…「与……不同」，句首亮出对比信号。读说明文看到 Unlike / However / Instead，立刻打起精神：作者要转折了。
📐 过去进行时的否定：当时「没有」在看。全书的悬念就压在这个「不看」上——所有人都在看总统，唯独他们不看。

⑥ Instead, their eyes were searching the crowd of people lining the street, looking for any hint of danger.

📐 search 这里是及物动词「在……里搜查/扫视」，宾语是 the crowd。Instead 承接上句的「不看总统」，给出他们真正在做的事。
📐 lining 现在分词作后置定语修饰 people：沿街「排成行站着」的人群。line 作动词＝排成一行，名词是「线 / 队伍」，一词两性要分清。
📐 hint「一丝迹象、一点端倪」，any 用在肯定句里表示「任何一点点都」。探员找的不是危险本身，而是危险的蛛丝马迹——用词非常精准。

⑦ These men and women were agents of the U.S. Secret Service.

📐 谜底揭晓！agent（探员）是书后词汇表的第一个词：受政府授权、代表政府行事的人。the U.S. Secret Service 美国特勤局。整整一段的悬念，用一句极短的系表句收掉，这就是「先铺陈后点题」。
🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.5
Secret Service agents closed off the streets to provide security during the Obama inauguration.
thoughfreezingoutside
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.5. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

Even though it was freezing cold outside, the agents had their suit jackets open and their hands close to their hidden weapons. They had sworn an oath to protect the president and had been planning for Inauguration Day for months. The agents left nothing to chance. They had blocked many of Washington's streets and added security checkpoints. Soldiers kept careful watch from the tops of buildings. Fighter jets circled overhead. Boats patrolled the Potomac River.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 3 段（Introduction · 7 句）

① Even though it was freezing cold outside, the agents had their suit jackets open and their hands close to their hidden weapons.

📐 Even though「即使、尽管」，引导让步状语从句，比 though 语气更强。天寒地冻却敞着外套——反常细节立刻勾住读者。
📐 have + 宾语 + 形容词＝「让……保持某种状态」：让外套敞着。为什么要敞着？为了随时能拔枪——作者不解释，让你自己想。
📐 close to「贴近」，hidden 过去分词作定语＝「藏起来的」。同一个 have 结构带出第二个状态：手贴着暗藏的武器。

② They had sworn an oath to protect the president and had been planning for Inauguration Day for months.

📐 swear an oath 宣誓（swear–swore–sworn）。oath 书后词汇表词＝「正式承诺」。全书最后一章还会出现 sworn to stop them，首尾呼应。
📐 过去完成进行时 had been doing：从更早之前开始、一直持续到那个时刻。配合 for months，说明这场安保不是临时起意，而是筹备了好几个月。

③ The agents left nothing to chance.

📐 leave nothing to chance 高分习语＝「绝不碰运气、万事都安排死」。接下来四句话就是对这个习语的「举证」。

④ They had blocked many of Washington's streets and added security checkpoints.

📐 block 封锁（街道）。过去完成时，强调「在游行开始之前就已经封好」。
📐 checkpoint 安检点/检查站，是 check + point 构成的闭合复合词——本书 worksheet 第 3 题就专练这类词。

⑤ Soldiers kept careful watch from the tops of buildings.

📐 keep watch「放哨、警戒」，中间插入形容词 careful。keep + 名词 表示「持续保持某状态」，同类的还有 keep track of（第 19 段）。
📐 from 表示观察的起点/位置：从楼顶往下看。注意 tops 用复数，因为不止一栋楼。

⑥ Fighter jets circled overhead.

📐 战斗机。fighter 由 fight + -er 构成「战斗者」，这里指「战斗机」；jet 喷气式飞机。
📐 circle 作动词＝「盘旋绕圈」，overhead 在头顶上，本身也是 over + head 的闭合复合词。四个短句按「地面→楼顶→空中→河面」铺开，镜头感极强。

⑦ Boats patrolled the Potomac River.

📐 patrol 巡逻（本课核心词），波托马克河流经华盛顿。四个并列短句无一重复动词：blocked / kept / circled / patrolled，写场面时这种「动词不重样」很值得学。
🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.6
The door of "The Beast" reveals its thick armor.
agentsbuiltpresident
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.6. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

Agents even built the president a new car, which they nicknamed "The Beast." It looked like a black limousine, but it was really a tank. Its eight inches of armor could protect the Obamas from just about anything.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 4 段（Introduction · 3 句）

① Agents even built the president a new car, which they nicknamed "The Beast."

📐 build sb sth 双宾语＝「给某人造某物」，也可写成 built a new car for the president。even 放在动词前，强调「连车都专门造了一辆」。
📐 which 引导非限定性定语从句，逗号后的补充信息：他们给它起了个绰号叫……。nickname 既可作名词也可作动词，正好是 worksheet 第 3 题的复合词 nick + name。

② It looked like a black limousine, but it was really a tank.

📐 look like「看上去像」。limousine 豪华轿车，书后词汇表词。
📐 一个 but 把「外表」和「本质」劈开：tank 坦克。这是本书最常用的说明方法之一——作比较 + 反差。

③ Its eight inches of armor could protect the Obamas from just about anything.

📐 eight inches of 八英寸（约 20 厘米）厚的装甲，列数字让「坦克」这个比喻落地。armor 装甲，本课核心词。
📐 just about 口语里＝「几乎、差不多」，后面接 anything / everything，表示「几乎任何东西」。

All day, agents stuck close to the first couple as the Obamas made their way from the inaugural parade to dances and balls. Nothing bad happened. That's the way it was supposed to be. The planning and hard work of the Secret Service had paid off. It was all in a day's work.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 5 段（Introduction · 5 句）

① All day, agents stuck close to the first couple as the Obamas made their way from the inaugural parade to dances and balls.

📐 stick close to（stick–stuck–stuck）「紧贴着、寸步不离」。第 23 段会原样复用 stick close to the first family，同一搭配贯穿全书。
📐 make one's way「一路前往、穿行」，比 walked 更有「穿过人群、辗转多个场合」的画面感。
📐 inaugural 就职的，来自 inauguration（书后词汇表词）。from…to… 把一整天的行程从游行串到舞会。

② Nothing bad happened.

📐 全书最「轻」的一句，却是整章的题眼。nothing 是不定代词，形容词 bad 必须后置（nothing bad ✓ / bad nothing ✗）。

③ That's the way it was supposed to be.

📐 be supposed to「本该、按计划应该」。That's the way…「事情本就该是这样」——一句轻描淡写，把前面所有紧张铺垫全部收住。

④ The planning and hard work of the Secret Service had paid off.

📐 两个抽象名词并列作主语，回扣第 3 段的 planning for months。hard work 不可数，谓语用单数 had。
📐 pay off「（努力）有了回报、奏效」。过去完成时强调「到这一天结束时，回报已经兑现」。

⑤ It was all in a day's work.

📐 习语 (just) all in a day's work＝「不过是日常本分、家常便饭」。用它收尾第一章，把惊心动魄的一天写成「普通的一天」，反差里全是职业自豪感。
📖 参考译文（点击展开）

所有人的目光都盯着华盛顿特区最新的一对主角——奥巴马夫妇。那是 2009 年 1 月 21 日，巴拉克·奥巴马刚刚宣誓就任美国历史上第一位非裔总统。……新总统沿着宾夕法尼亚大道走向白宫，一路微笑。他牵着第一夫人米歇尔·奥巴马的手，两人向欢呼的人群挥手。不远处，一群身着深色西装的男男女女，有的戴着墨镜，随着这对夫妇一同前行。和人群里的大多数人不同，这些人并没有看着新总统和第一夫人——他们的眼睛在沿街的人群里扫来扫去，寻找任何一丝危险的迹象。他们，就是美国特勤局的探员。……尽管外面天寒地冻，探员们的西装外套却敞着，手也贴近暗藏的武器。他们宣过誓要保护总统，为就职典礼已经筹备了好几个月，绝不让任何事碰运气：华盛顿的许多街道被封锁，加设了安检点；士兵在楼顶严密瞭望；战斗机在头顶盘旋；巡逻艇在波托马克河上来回巡查。……探员们甚至给总统造了一辆新车，绰号「野兽」。它看上去像一辆黑色豪华轿车，其实是一辆坦克——八英寸厚的装甲几乎能替奥巴马夫妇挡下任何东西。……整整一天，奥巴马夫妇从就职游行到一场场舞会，探员都紧贴着这对夫妇。什么事也没发生。本来就应该是这样。特勤局的筹划和辛苦没有白费——这，不过是他们寻常的一天。

📐 本章结构分析 · Introduction（p.4–6）
段落功能
场景化开篇 + 悬念铺垫：先给一个电影镜头般的就职日，再悄悄把主角换成「不看总统的人」
信息脉络
时间地点人物三连（2009.1.21 / 宾夕法尼亚大道 / 奥巴马夫妇）→ 反常细节（人群看总统，他们看人群）→ 揭晓身份 → 层层加码的安保（封路·安检·楼顶·战机·巡逻艇·「野兽」）→ 收在「什么也没发生 / all in a day's work」
主旨句
These men and women were agents of the U.S. Secret Service.
说明方法
对比（crowd 看总统 ↔ agents 看 crowd）列数字（January 21, 2009 / eight inches of armor）举例子（blocked streets / checkpoints / fighter jets / "The Beast"）

President of the People p.7-8

🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.7
This engraving from around 1850 shows how the White House used to be open to the general public.
thomasjeffersonadams
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.7. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

If Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, and Andrew Jackson had been alive in 2009, they would have been shocked. In their day, only rulers of foreign countries—not the president of the United States—had bodyguards. In fact, the door to the White House was rarely locked. Anyone could pop in, and many did just that. In the early days of the United States, people came by to chat or to share a cup of tea with the First Lady and president. Others came looking for a job or a special favor.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 6 段（President of the People · 6 句）

① If Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, and Andrew Jackson had been alive in 2009, they would have been shocked.

📐 虚拟条件句（与过去事实相反）：If + 主语 + had done，主句用 would have done。三位开国总统当然不可能活到 2009，作者用「假如」把两百年的时间差一把拉到读者眼前。
📐 主句 would have + 过去分词：他们「一定会」震惊。记住这个框架：If … had been …, … would have been …，长难句模块第 1 句就拆它。

② In their day, only rulers of foreign countries—not the president of the United States—had bodyguards.

📐 in one's day「在某人那个年代」，时间状语把镜头从 2009 切回建国初期。
📐 only 限定范围：只有外国君主才有保镖。两个破折号中间是插入的否定补充，读的时候可以先跳过去抓主干：only rulers … had bodyguards。
📐 bodyguard 保镖＝body + guard 的闭合复合词（书后词汇表词），worksheet 第 3 题里就是 body + guards。

③ In fact, the door to the White House was rarely locked.

📐 In fact 事实上，用来补一个更有说服力的细节。
📐 被动语态 + rarely（很少，含否定意味）。「白宫的门几乎不锁」——一句话把当年的开放程度写到位，与第一章的封路、安检点形成强烈对照。

④ Anyone could pop in, and many did just that.

📐 pop in 口语＝「顺路随便进来坐坐」，比 come in 随意得多，正好衬出当年的气氛。
📐 did just that 代动词 did 代替前面的 pop in，避免重复；just that＝「正是这件事」。很多人还真就那么干了。

⑤ In the early days of the United States, people came by to chat or to share a cup of tea with the First Lady and president.

📐 又一个时间框 in the early days of…「在……的早期」，历史说明文靠这类短语分段。
📐 come by「顺道来访」，to chat 不定式表目的：来干嘛？来聊天。
📐 与 to chat 并列的目的状语（or 连接）。「和总统夫妇喝杯茶」这个生活化细节，比任何形容词都更能说明「总统其实很好见」。

⑥ Others came looking for a job or a special favor.

📐 looking for… 现在分词作伴随状语，说明来时的目的。Others 与上句 people 构成「一些人……另一些人……」的分类写法。
📐 favor「帮忙、关照」。第 15 段加菲尔德遇刺，凶手正是「上门讨差事被拒」的人——这里埋下的伏笔，九页之后才收回。
🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.8
President George W. Bush greets local people at a diner in Crawford, Texas, in 2004.
earlypresidentsunited
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.8. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

Why were these early presidents so easy to meet with? The United States was founded as a democracy. Americans didn't want to be ruled by a king or queen who just happened to be born into a royal family. Instead, Americans wanted to choose their own leaders through elections. Presidents had to listen to the wishes of voters if they wanted to keep their jobs.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 7 段（President of the People · 5 句）

① Why were these early presidents so easy to meet with?

📐 设问句：作者自己提问，下一段自己回答。形容词 + to do 结构里，meet with 的介词 with 不能丢（easy to meet with ✓）。读说明文遇到 Why…? 就先停一秒猜答案，理解会深很多。

② The United States was founded as a democracy.

📐 found 作动词＝「建立」（found–founded–founded），别和 find 的过去式 found 混了。被动语态 was founded as…「被建立为……」。
📐 democracy 民主政体，书后词汇表词、故事核心词。整本书「总统为什么不愿被保护」的答案，就落在这个词上。

③ Americans didn't want to be ruled by a king or queen who just happened to be born into a royal family.

📐 want to be done 被动不定式：「不想被……统治」。by 后面是施动者 a king or queen。
📐 happen to do「碰巧、恰好」；be born into…「出生在……（家庭）」。「只不过碰巧生在王室」——一个 just 把世袭制的荒谬轻轻点破。
📐 royal 王室的。who 引导定语从句修饰 a king or queen，注意先行词是「人」，所以用 who 不用 which。

④ Instead, Americans wanted to choose their own leaders through elections.

📐 choose（choose–chose–chosen）＋ their own「他们自己的」，强调主动权在人民手里。Instead 与上一句的「不要国王」形成正反对照。
📐 through 表示「凭借、通过某种方式」；election 选举（本课核心词）。这句就是 democracy 的定义句。

⑤ Presidents had to listen to the wishes of voters if they wanted to keep their jobs.

📐 have to 表「不得不、必须」，过去式 had to。listen to 的 to 是固定搭配，不能省。
📐 wish 作名词常用复数 wishes＝「意愿、诉求」；voter 选民，由 vote + -er 构成。
📐 if 引导真实条件句（不是虚拟）：想保住位子，就得听选民的话。这一句解释了为什么早年的总统坚持「谁都能来见我」——不是性格随和，是制度要求。

For their part, Jefferson, Adams, and others made time to meet the people who voted them into office. They were happy to talk, shake hands, and hear what people were thinking. They wanted to be seen as just like everyone else.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 8 段（President of the People · 3 句）

① For their part, Jefferson, Adams, and others made time to meet the people who voted them into office.

📐 for one's part「就……而言、在……这一边」，用来把话题从「人民」换回「总统们」，是很好的段落过渡语。
📐 make time to do「特意腾出时间做某事」——不是有空，是主动挤时间，态度就出来了。
📐 vote sb into office「把某人选上台」，office 在这里不是办公室，而是「公职、职位」。who 定语从句修饰 the people。

② They were happy to talk, shake hands, and hear what people were thinking.

📐 三个动词不定式并列：to talk, (to) shake hands, and (to) hear，后两个共用第一个 to。这种「三连动词」让句子读起来又轻又快。
📐 what 引导宾语从句作 hear 的宾语，从句用陈述语序（what people were thinking ✓，不是 what were people thinking）。

③ They wanted to be seen as just like everyone else.

📐 see A as B「把 A 看作 B」的被动式：被看作。want to be done 又是被动不定式，和第 7 段的 to be ruled by 同一个套路。
📐 just like「就像……一样」，everyone else「其他所有人」。这一句给本章定了调：总统想当普通人——也正因如此，后来「被保镖围着」才显得格外难以接受。

As the nation grew, so did the threats against the president's life. It became difficult to allow people to freely meet with the president while also making sure the nation's leader was kept safe. Something needed to be done.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 9 段（President of the People · 3 句）

① As the nation grew, so did the threats against the president's life.

📐 As 引导时间状语从句「随着……」；grew 是 grow 的过去式，这里指国家「变大、变强」。
📐 倒装结构 so + 助动词 + 主语＝「……也一样」：国家在长，威胁也在长。助动词 did 代替前面的 grew。这是全书最漂亮的一个句式，讨论问答卡里也专门问到它。
📐 threat against…「针对……的威胁」，介词用 against 不用 to。threat 书后词汇表词。

② It became difficult to allow people to freely meet with the president while also making sure the nation's leader was kept safe.

📐 It 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式 to allow…。become + 形容词「变得……」。
📐 while + doing「与此同时还要……」，make sure (that) 确保。一边要开放、一边要安全，两难就在这半句里。
📐 keep + 宾语 + 形容词 的被动式：让元首「保持安全」。safe 是宾语补足语，被动后留在谓语后面。

③ Something needed to be done.

📐 need to be done 被动不定式「需要被做点什么」。短句独立成段，是全书的转轴：前两章讲「为什么难」，后面六章讲「怎么办」。
📖 参考译文（点击展开）

如果托马斯·杰斐逊、约翰·亚当斯和安德鲁·杰克逊活到 2009 年，一定会大吃一惊。在他们那个年代，有保镖的是外国君主，不是美国总统。事实上，白宫的门很少上锁，谁都能顺路进去，还真有不少人这么干。美国建国初期，人们会来和总统、第一夫人聊聊天、喝杯茶；也有人上门来讨个差事或求个特别的照顾。……早年的总统为什么这么容易见到？因为美国是作为民主国家建国的。美国人不愿被一个只因生在王室就掌权的国王或女王统治，他们要通过选举自己挑领导人。总统想保住位子，就得听选民的声音。……杰斐逊、亚当斯等人也确实腾出时间，去见那些把他们选上台的人。他们乐意交谈、握手、听听大家在想什么——他们希望自己看起来和普通人没什么两样。……可国家一天天壮大，针对总统生命的威胁也一天天变多。既要让百姓自由地见总统，又要保证国家元首的安全，越来越难。总得做点什么了。

📐 本章结构分析 · President of the People（p.7–8）
段落功能
历史对照 + 因果解释：用「假如开国总统活到 2009」的假设，逼出本书的核心矛盾
信息脉络
虚拟假设开场（If Jefferson… had been alive）→ 白宫不锁门的旧日画面 → 追问原因（Why…? 自问自答）→ 民主政体解释（不要国王、要选举）→ 总统主动亲近选民 → 转折 As the nation grew, so did the threats… → 留下待解决的难题
主旨句
Something needed to be done.
说明方法
设问（Why were these early presidents so easy to meet with?）作比较（建国初期 ↔ 2009 年；国王/女王 ↔ 民选总统）举例子（chat / share a cup of tea / looking for a job）

Life in a Cage p.9-11

🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.9
Allan Pinkerton (seated at left) led the Union Intelligence Service during the Civil War.
congressformedsecret
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.9. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

Congress formed the Secret Service in 1865, but at first its job wasn't to protect the president. Instead, Congress wanted the Secret Service to track down and arrest people for printing fake money—a crime called counterfeiting. At the time, nearly half the paper money in the United States was fake. The agency got its name because it worked in secret to find and catch counterfeiters.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 10 段（Life in a Cage · 4 句）

① Congress formed the Secret Service in 1865, but at first its job wasn't to protect the president.

📐 Congress 国会（书后词汇表词，首字母永远大写），form 在这里＝「组建、设立」。开篇先给时间和动作，标准的历史说明句。
📐 at first「起初」——这个词一出现就要警惕：后面往往跟着「后来不一样了」。
📐 be to do 表示「职责/安排是做某事」，否定式即「任务并不是……」。作者故意先打破读者的常识：特勤局最初不是保镖。

② Instead, Congress wanted the Secret Service to track down and arrest people for printing fake money—a crime called counterfeiting.

📐 want sb to do 想要某人做某事。track down「追查到、缉拿」，arrest 逮捕，两个动词并列，力度层层加码。
📐 for + doing 表示「因为做了某事 / 为了做某事」，这里指「因印制假钞而逮捕」。fake 假的，反义 real/genuine。
📐 破折号后是同位语，给前面的行为下定义；called 过去分词作后置定语。counterfeiting 伪造货币（本课核心词），由 counter-（对抗）+ feit（做）而来。

③ At the time, nearly half the paper money in the United States was fake.

📐 「在那个时候」，历史叙述常用的时间锚。
📐 nearly「将近」＋ half「一半」，列数字说明为什么国会非要成立一个专门机构：假钞多到快占一半了。
📐 系表结构，一句 was fake 把问题的严重程度点到底。

④ The agency got its name because it worked in secret to find and catch counterfeiters.

📐 get one's name「得名」＋ because 原因从句。读前热身第一问「为什么叫 Secret？」在这里终于有答案。
📐 in secret「秘密地」＝ secretly。秘字来自打假时要暗中侦查，不是因为保护总统要保密——这个误会正是本章要纠正的。
📐 不定式表目的；counterfeiter 造假者，-er 表示「做这件事的人」。
🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.10
Abraham Lincoln spent his summers at a cottage on the edge of Washington, D.C., and often rode his horse three miles to the White House.
secretservicebegan
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.10. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

The Secret Service began its work three months after Abraham Lincoln was assassinated. Lincoln was president during the Civil War (1861–1865). At the time, many Southern states wanted to leave the Union. The capital city of Washington was full of thieves and plotters. Many people wanted Lincoln dead. Some tried to kidnap him. Others took shots at him. A musket ball knocked Lincoln's hat off his head one day when he was riding a horse along a country road.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 11 段（Life in a Cage · 8 句）

① The Secret Service began its work three months after Abraham Lincoln was assassinated.

📐 begin one's work「开始运作」，比 started 更正式。
📐 时间段 + after + 从句「在……之后多久」。把机构诞生和总统遇刺绑在同一条时间线上，是本书最关键的因果暗示。
📐 assassinate 刺杀（书后词汇表词，故事核心词），被动式。-ed 结尾别读成 /ɪd/，读 /eɪtɪd/ 的音节要清楚。

② Lincoln was president during the Civil War (1861–1865).

📐 最简单的主系表句，用来交代时代坐标：先说人，再说时期。
📐 during + 时间段「在……期间」；the Civil War 南北战争（1861–1865），专有名词大写。括号里的年份是补充说明。

③ At the time, many Southern states wanted to leave the Union.

📐 Southern 南方的，指方位时首字母要大写（专有形容词）。
📐 the Union 特指「联邦（北方）」，大写 U。leave 在这里＝「脱离、退出」，不是「离开某地」。

④ The capital city of Washington was full of thieves and plotters.

📐 capital 首都；「华盛顿这座首都城市」用 of 连接，是典型的名词堆叠。
📐 be full of「充满」；thief（复 thieves）小偷，plotter 阴谋者（plot 阴谋 + -er）。两个词把战时首都的混乱一笔带出。

⑤ Many people wanted Lincoln dead.

📐 want + 宾语 + 形容词「想要某人处于某种状态」：想要林肯死。比 wanted to kill Lincoln 更冷、更短，语气也更狠。

⑥ Some tried to kidnap him.

📐 try to do 试图做某事；kidnap 绑架。Some… Others… 分类型列举，下一句接 Others。

⑦ Others took shots at him.

📐 take shots at sb「朝某人开枪」，shot 是名词「一枪」。注意介词 at 表示「瞄准的目标」。

⑧ A musket ball knocked Lincoln's hat off his head one day when he was riding a horse along a country road.

📐 musket 旧式滑膛枪，musket ball 滑膛枪弹丸。一个具体的名词，比「有人开枪」更有画面。
📐 knock sth off…「把某物从……打落」。宾语 Lincoln's hat 夹在动词和副词 off 中间，这是「动词 + 副词」短语的常规位置。
📐 along「沿着」；when 引导时间从句。子弹只打飞了帽子——作者用「险到极点却没伤着」的细节，反衬后面真正的刺杀有多致命。
🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.11
Lincoln was seated in this box at Ford's Theatre when he was fatally shot by John Wilkes Booth.
stilllincolnrefused
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.11. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

Still, Lincoln refused any protection. He took walks alone at night to the War Department. He wanted news of the war. "Though it would be safer for a president to live in a cage, it would interfere with his business," he said.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 12 段（Life in a Cage · 4 句）

① Still, Lincoln refused any protection.

📐 Still 放句首＝「尽管如此」，承接上一段一连串的刺杀未遂，转折极有力。refuse + 名词 拒绝；any 用在肯定句里强调「一点保护都不要」。

② He took walks alone at night to the War Department.

📐 take a walk 散步（复数为 take walks），alone 副词「独自」，位置放在后面强调「不带人」。
📐 时间状语「在夜里」，与 in the night 相比，at night 是固定搭配、泛指夜间。
📐 to 表方向；the War Department 陆军部（专有名词大写）。他夜里独行，只为看战报。

③ He wanted news of the war.

📐 news 不可数名词（不是 new 的复数），谓语要用单数；of the war「关于战况的」。一句六个词，把「为什么拒绝保护」的动机说透了：他放不下战事。

④ "Though it would be safer for a president to live in a cage, it would interfere with his business," he said.

📐 Though 引导让步从句「虽然」；it 形式主语，真正主语是 for a president to live in a cage。would 表假设语气。
📐 本章标题的来源：住在笼子里。cage 笼子，一个比喻把「被保镖层层围住」的窒息感说尽。Quick Check 第 8 题就考这句话的言外之意。
📐 interfere with「妨碍、干扰」，固定搭配介词 with；business 在这里＝「正事、职责」而不是「生意」。总统认为安全会妨碍他办事——这正是全书的核心矛盾。

Late in the war, Lincoln finally agreed to allow Washington police officers to follow him. Only one bodyguard was on duty when John Wilkes Booth shot Lincoln on April 14, 1865, at Ford's Theatre in Washington.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 13 段（Life in a Cage · 2 句）

① Late in the war, Lincoln finally agreed to allow Washington police officers to follow him.

📐 「战争快结束时」。late in + 时间段 表示「在……后期」，与前面的 in the early days 正好相对。
📐 finally「终于」＋ agree to do 同意做；allow sb to do 允许某人做。三个词叠在一起，写出「拖了很久才松口」的勉强。
📐 follow 跟随。allow…to follow 是「让警察跟着」，注意不是「让探员保护」——此时特勤局还没接这份差事。

② Only one bodyguard was on duty when John Wilkes Booth shot Lincoln on April 14, 1865, at Ford's Theatre in Washington.

📐 Only one 放在句首强调数量之少。bodyguard 保镖，与前面的 police officers 呼应。
📐 on duty「在值勤、当班」，反义 off duty。介词用 on 表示「处于某种状态」。
📐 when 时间从句；shot 是 shoot 的过去式。人名三个词全部大写，正是 worksheet 第 2 题要圈的那种专有名词。
📐 福特剧院，'s 表示所属（福特家的剧院）。地点、日期、人物三项齐全，是史实叙述的标准配置。
📖 参考译文（点击展开）

1865 年，国会成立了特勤局，但起初它的任务并不是保护总统，而是追捕印制假钞的人——这种罪叫「伪造货币」。当时美国流通的纸币里，将近一半是假的。这个机构之所以叫「秘密」特勤局，正是因为它曾秘密行动，去揪出造假者。……特勤局开始工作，是在亚伯拉罕·林肯遇刺三个月后。林肯是南北战争（1861–1865）时期的总统，那时许多南方州想脱离联邦，首都华盛顿挤满了小偷和阴谋家，不少人都盼着林肯死。有人试图绑架他，有人朝他开枪；还有一次，他骑马走在乡间路上，一颗滑膛枪弹把他的帽子打飞了。……即便如此，林肯仍拒绝任何保护。夜里他独自步行去陆军部，只为打听战况。「虽然总统住在笼子里会更安全，可那会耽误他办事」，他这样说。……战争快结束时，林肯终于同意让华盛顿的警察跟着自己。1865 年 4 月 14 日，约翰·威尔克斯·布斯在华盛顿福特剧院朝林肯开枪时，值班的保镖只有一人。

📐 本章结构分析 · Life in a Cage（p.9–11）
段落功能
溯源章：先纠正一个常识误会（特勤局最初不是保镖），再用林肯之死解释「为什么非改不可」
信息脉络
设立时间与真实任务（1865 / 打假币）→ 名字由来（work in secret）→ 时代背景（南北战争、首都混乱、一半纸币是假）→ 一连串刺杀未遂 → 林肯的名言「笼子」→ 只配一名警卫的结局
主旨句
Congress formed the Secret Service in 1865, but at first its job wasn't to protect the president.
说明方法
列数字（1865 / nearly half / three months / one bodyguard / April 14, 1865）引用（"Though it would be safer… in a cage…"）举例子（kidnap / took shots / musket ball knocked his hat off）

A "Slave of His Office" p.12-13

🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.12
James Garfield was president for only two hundred days before his assassination rocked the nation.
lincoln'sassassinationgovernment
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.12. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

Even after Lincoln's assassination, it took some time for the government to decide whose job it was to protect the president. Sometimes the U.S. Army guarded the president. Other times, it was the Washington, D.C., police department.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 14 段（A "Slave of His Office" · 3 句）

① Even after Lincoln's assassination, it took some time for the government to decide whose job it was to protect the president.

📐 Even after…「即使在……之后」，assassination 是 assassinate 的名词形式（本课核心词）。一个 Even 就说明：连总统遇刺都没能立刻解决问题。
📐 It takes + 时间 + for sb to do「某人花了多久才做成某事」；过去式 took。some time 是「一段（不短的）时间」，别写成 sometime（某个时候）。
📐 whose 引导宾语从句（作 decide 的宾语），从句用陈述语序。it 在从句里是形式主语，真主语是后面的 to protect the president。

② Sometimes the U.S. Army guarded the president.

📐 美国陆军，缩写 U.S. 每个字母后都要有点、大写。
📐 guard 守卫（本课核心词）。与下一句的 Other times 构成「有时……有时……」，写出职责归属的混乱。

③ Other times, it was the Washington, D.C., police department.

📐 Other times「另一些时候」，与 Sometimes 配对，是分类叙述的常用衔接。
📐 police department 警察局。注意 Washington, D.C. 前后都用逗号隔开，是同位插入的写法。

Not much changed even after President James A. Garfield died on the morning of July 2, 1881, after being shot by a man at a Washington train station. The man had met Garfield earlier at the White House. He asked the president for a job. Garfield said no.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 15 段（A "Slave of His Office" · 4 句）

① Not much changed even after President James A. Garfield died on the morning of July 2, 1881, after being shot by a man at a Washington train station.

📐 Not much 作主语（不可数），谓语用单数 changed。句首否定，一句话定调：又一位总统死了，制度还是没变。
📐 具体某一天的上午，介词用 on（不是 in）：on the morning of + 日期。
📐 after + being done 被动动名词：「在被……枪击之后」。by 后面是施动者。
📐 地点状语。train station 火车站，Washington 作定语修饰它——专有名词大写，worksheet 第 2 题正考这一点。

② The man had met Garfield earlier at the White House.

📐 过去完成时 + earlier：说明「见面」发生在「枪击」之前，时间层次靠时态而不是靠语序表达。
📐 白宫。回扣第 6 段「白宫的门很少上锁，谁都能进去讨差事」——伏笔在这里收回，令人后背一凉。

③ He asked the president for a job.

📐 ask sb for sth「向某人要某物」。对照第 6 段的 Others came looking for a job：同一个短语，从日常小事变成了命案动机。

④ Garfield said no.

📐 三个词的短句收尾，冷得像一记落槌。say no 拒绝。作者不写凶手的心理，只留一个「不」字，节奏极狠。
🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.13
William McKinley delivers a speech during his presidential inauguration.
assassinationsecondpresident
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.13. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

The assassination of a second U.S. president shocked the nation. The New York Tribune, a leading newspaper of the day, warned against presidential bodyguards. The newspaper said guards would make the president a "slave of his office."

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 16 段（A "Slave of His Office" · 3 句）

① The assassination of a second U.S. president shocked the nation.

📐 a second 不是「第二个（顺序）」那么简单，而是「又一个、再一个」——强调同类悲剧重演。shocked the nation 震动全国。
📐 shock 作动词「使震惊」；the nation 全国民众。短促的主谓宾，把舆论压力推到顶点。

② The New York Tribune, a leading newspaper of the day, warned against presidential bodyguards.

📐 两个逗号之间是同位语，解释《纽约论坛报》是什么；leading「有影响力的、主流的」，of the day「当时的」。
📐 warn against sth「警告反对某事」，介词固定用 against。出人意料的是：舆论反对的竟是加强保护。
📐 presidential 是 president 的形容词形式「总统的」。bodyguards 复数，与第 6 段「只有外国君主才有 bodyguards」遥相呼应。

③ The newspaper said guards would make the president a "slave of his office."

📐 said 后省略了 that 的宾语从句；would 表假设结果「会使得」。make + 宾语 + 名词＝「使……成为……」。
📐 本章标题出处：a slave of his office「自己职务的奴隶」。不是被某个人奴役，而是被「职位 + 安保规矩」捆住——这个引号里的比喻，是全书对「民主 vs 安全」最尖锐的一句概括。

The next president, Chester A. Arthur, refused to be followed by the Secret Service, although agents tried. Like earlier presidents, Arthur wanted citizens to be able to freely meet with him.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 17 段（A "Slave of His Office" · 2 句）

① The next president, Chester A. Arthur, refused to be followed by the Secret Service, although agents tried.

📐 「下一任总统」，用时间顺序把一串总统串成链条：林肯 → 加菲尔德 → 阿瑟 → 麦金莱。
📐 refuse to be done 拒绝「被……」；followed by 被动式后接施动者 the Secret Service。和第 12 段林肯 refused any protection 用的是同一个动词，态度一脉相承。
📐 although 让步从句「尽管」；tried 后省略 to follow him。探员想跟，总统不让——制度推进之难，全在这半句。

② Like earlier presidents, Arthur wanted citizens to be able to freely meet with him.

📐 Like…「像……一样」，句首作比较。注意 Like 表「相似」，As 表「作为」，别混。
📐 want sb to do ＋ be able to「能够」。freely 副词修饰 meet，位置在 to 和动词之间（to freely meet）是可接受的割裂不定式。
📐 meet with sb 与某人会面。回扣第 7 段「总统要听选民的话」和第 8 段「想被看作普通人」——拒绝保镖的理由，始终是民主传统。

In 1901, President William McKinley was assassinated in Buffalo, New York. Afterward, Congress asked the Secret Service to protect all future presidents.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 18 段（A "Slave of His Office" · 2 句）

① In 1901, President William McKinley was assassinated in Buffalo, New York.

📐 年份前用 in。这是全书时间线的转折点，p.16 的原书时间轴也把 1901 单列一条。
📐 第三次出现 was assassinated，被动语态重复本身就是一种修辞：同样的事，又发生了一次。Buffalo, New York 州名跟在城市后，中间用逗号。

② Afterward, Congress asked the Secret Service to protect all future presidents.

📐 ask sb to do 请/要求某人做某事。主语从「总统个人」换成了 Congress（国会）——保护总统终于从个人选择变成国家制度。
📐 future 作形容词「此后的每一位」。Afterward「此后」把 1865 成立、1901 转身这两件事干脆地扣在一起。
📖 参考译文（点击展开）

即便林肯遇刺之后，政府仍花了不少时间才定下「保护总统到底是谁的差事」。有时由美国陆军守卫总统，有时交给华盛顿特区警察局。……1881 年 7 月 2 日早晨，詹姆斯·A·加菲尔德总统在华盛顿一个火车站被一名男子枪击后去世，局面也没有太大改变。那人此前在白宫见过加菲尔德，向总统讨一份差事，加菲尔德拒绝了。……第二位总统遇刺，震动了全国。当时一家有影响力的报纸《纽约论坛报》却警告不要给总统配保镖，说那会让总统变成「自己职务的奴隶」。……下一任总统切斯特·A·阿瑟拒绝被特勤局跟着，尽管探员们试过。和前任们一样，他希望公民能自由地来见自己。……1901 年，威廉·麦金莱总统在纽约州布法罗遇刺。此后，国会正式请特勤局保护此后的每一位总统。

📐 本章结构分析 · A "Slave of His Office"（p.12–13）
段落功能
反复与递进：三次总统遇刺，才把「谁保护总统」这件事一步步逼成制度
信息脉络
职责真空（陆军 / 特区警察轮流）→ 加菲尔德遇刺（1881）仍无改变 → 舆论反弹（《纽约论坛报》造出「职务的奴隶」）→ 阿瑟总统继续拒绝 → 麦金莱遇刺（1901）→ 国会正式授权，制度落地
主旨句
Afterward, Congress asked the Secret Service to protect all future presidents.
说明方法
时间顺序（1865 → 1881 → 1901）引用（a "slave of his office"）举例子（Garfield / Arthur / McKinley 三位总统）

On Guard p.14-17

🕰 特勤局大事记（p.16 · Important Dates）

  • 1865 7 月 5 日国会设立特勤局分部，打击伪造美元，隶属财政部
  • 1867 国会扩大权限，可调查「针对政府的欺诈」，如土地骗局
  • 1901 麦金莱总统遇刺后，国会请特勤局开始保护总统
  • 1915 威尔逊总统令特勤局调查境内的外国间谍
  • 1922 国会成立白宫警察队守卫白宫建筑
  • 1951 特勤局开始保护总统的家人
  • 1965 国会允许保护前总统及其配偶
  • 2002 9·11 之后，特勤局划归国土安全部
🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.14
A Secret Service agent guards presidential candidate Mitt Romney at a campaign event in Miami, Florida, on August 13, 2012.
headquarterssecretservice
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.14. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

The headquarters of the Secret Service is a plain office building not far from the White House. On the ninth floor, agents work quickly to keep track of the people they are protecting. Besides protecting the president, the Secret Service also guards presidential candidates, officials from other countries, the vice president, and others.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 19 段（On Guard · 3 句）

① The headquarters of the Secret Service is a plain office building not far from the White House.

📐 headquarters 总部（本课核心词），形式上是复数 -s，但常作单数用（is ✓）。它也是 head + quarters 的闭合复合词。
📐 plain「朴素的、不起眼的」。和第 4 章「看着像轿车、其实是坦克」同一手法：外表普通，内里不一般。
📐 not far from「离……不远」＝ near。地理位置贴近白宫，本身就是安保逻辑的一部分。

② On the ninth floor, agents work quickly to keep track of the people they are protecting.

📐 楼层用 on + 序数词：on the ninth floor 在九楼。nine → ninth 去 e 加 th，拼写要留意。
📐 高频习语 keep track of「持续掌握……的动态」。第 3 段的 keep careful watch、这里的 keep track of，都是 keep + 名词 + of 家族。
📐 省略了关系代词 whom/that 的定语从句：they are protecting 修饰 the people。现在进行时说明这是每时每刻都在做的事。

③ Besides protecting the president, the Secret Service also guards presidential candidates, officials from other countries, the vice president, and others.

📐 Besides + doing「除……之外（还包括）」。besides 是「包括在内」的除了，except 是「排除在外」，别弄反。
📐 also 与 Besides 呼应，一起撑起「不止保护总统」这层意思。
📐 official 官员；from other countries 介词短语作后置定语。
📐 副总统。vice- 前缀「副的」。Quick Check 第 5 题就考「特勤局还保护谁」，答案是 candidates 和 vice president 这一串。
🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.15
A Secret Service agent stands guard at a football stadium.
agencygivesprotection
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.15. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

The agency also gives protection at special events, including the Olympic Games and the Super Bowl. Every day, the Secret Service learns of new threats against the people they are protecting, including the president. The threats can come over the telephone, in the mail, or over the Internet.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 20 段（On Guard · 3 句）

① The agency also gives protection at special events, including the Olympic Games and the Super Bowl.

📐 give protection 提供安保，at 用于「在某活动/场合」。agency 机构，代指上文的 Secret Service，避免重复。
📐 including 介词「包括」，后面接名词举例。专名 the Olympic Games 首字母全大写。
📐 超级碗（美式橄榄球总决赛）。两个「最大型活动」一摆，就把安保规模写清楚了。

② Every day, the Secret Service learns of new threats against the people they are protecting, including the president.

📐 learn of/about「得知、获悉」；Every day 放句首强调频率。threat 威胁，书后词汇表词。
📐 又是省略关系代词的定语从句；threats against… 与第 9 段同款介词搭配。

③ The threats can come over the telephone, in the mail, or over the Internet.

📐 「通过电话」用 over 或 on，不用 by。over 强调「借助某种通信渠道」。
📐 「通过邮寄」固定用 in the mail。三个并列状语各换一个介词（over / in / over），是英语避免重复的小心思。
📐 「通过互联网」。三条渠道由旧到新排列，Quick Check 第 7 题答案是 all of the above。
🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.16
U.S. currency from the Civil War era / Woodrow Wilson / Jacqueline and Caroline Kennedy
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.16. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?
🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.17
A Secret Service agent greets a Chicago police officer while on assignment.
agentseverythreat
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.17. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

Agents take every threat seriously and investigate it. Sometimes agents meet with the person who made the threat to ask them questions. Most of the threats are not serious. Sometimes people make a threat but don't really plan to hurt anyone.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 21 段（On Guard · 4 句）

① Agents take every threat seriously and investigate it.

📐 take sth seriously「认真对待某事」，副词 seriously 不能换成 serious。every 强调无一例外。
📐 investigate 调查（书后词汇表词、故事核心词）。Quick Check 第 3 题就是问它的词义：to find out facts or information about something。

② Sometimes agents meet with the person who made the threat to ask them questions.

📐 meet with sb「与某人会面/约谈」，比 meet sb 更正式，常用于公务场合。
📐 who 定语从句修饰 the person；make a threat「发出威胁」，下一句还会再用一次。
📐 不定式表目的；them 回指 the person（英语里单数人称常用 they/them 作性别中性指代）。

③ Most of the threats are not serious.

📐 most of + the + 复数名词「……中的大多数」，谓语用复数 are。
📐 serious 与本段首句的 seriously 同根，一个形容词、一个副词，正好对照记。

④ Sometimes people make a threat but don't really plan to hurt anyone.

📐 make a threat「放狠话、发出威胁」，与 make a promise / make a mistake 同属 make + 名词的动词化搭配。
📐 plan to do 打算做；really 放在否定句里表示「并不是真的」。
📐 hurt 伤害；anyone 用于否定/疑问语境，对应肯定句的 someone。

Some threats, though, are very serious. Agents keep careful watch on people who might really try to follow through on their threat.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 22 段（On Guard · 2 句）

① Some threats, though, are very serious.

📐 Some 与上一段的 Most 形成数量对照：多数不严重，有一些很严重。
📐 though 夹在主语和谓语之间作插入语＝「不过」，位置很灵活，读的时候先跳过去抓主干 Some threats are very serious。

② Agents keep careful watch on people who might really try to follow through on their threat.

📐 keep careful watch on sb「严密监视某人」。第 3 段是 keep careful watch from the tops of buildings，这里换介词 on 接监视对象——同一个搭配，两种用法。
📐 might 表可能性（不是 may 的过去式那么简单）；try to do 试图做。really 与上一句的 don't really plan 正好反着用，形成对照。
📐 高分短语 follow through on「把……付诸实施、说到做到」，宾语常是 threat / plan / promise。「真会把威胁变成行动的人」，就是重点盯防对象。
📖 参考译文（点击展开）

特勤局总部是离白宫不远的一栋普通办公楼。在九楼，探员们紧张地掌握着所有被保护人的动态。除了总统，特勤局还保护总统候选人、外国官员、副总统等人。……这个机构也为大型活动提供安保，包括奥运会和「超级碗」。每天，特勤局都会获知针对被保护人（包括总统）的新威胁——这些威胁可能来自电话、邮件，也可能来自互联网。……探员认真对待每一条威胁并逐一调查。有时他们会约见发出威胁的人，当面问话。多数威胁并不严重：有人只是放句狠话，其实并没真打算伤害谁。……但也有一些威胁非常严重。对那些真可能把狠话付诸行动的人，探员会严密盯防。

📐 本章结构分析 · On Guard（p.14–17）
段落功能
从历史转回当下：把「保护」拆成对象、场合、威胁来源、处置流程四层
信息脉络
总部与九楼指挥（where）→ 保护对象清单（总统 / 候选人 / 外国官员 / 副总统）→ 大型活动（奥运会、超级碗）→ 威胁三渠道（电话 / 邮件 / 网络）→ 处置流程（调查、约见、多数不严重）→ 例外：对高危对象严密盯防
主旨句
Agents take every threat seriously and investigate it.
说明方法
分类别（被保护人 / 活动 / 威胁渠道 / 严重程度）举例子（Olympic Games / Super Bowl）列数字（ninth floor）

Family Affair p.18-19

🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.18
Archie and Quentin, sons of President Theodore Roosevelt, pose for a photo with White House police officers.
secretservicerarely
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.18. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

The Secret Service rarely leaves the president's side. They are there, whether the president is on vacation, playing golf, or meeting with foreign leaders. Teams of agents follow the president's every move. They also stick close to the first family. Their presence can sometimes cause problems, especially for the president's children.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 23 段（Family Affair · 5 句）

① The Secret Service rarely leaves the president's side.

📐 rarely「很少」，本身含否定意味（不用再写 not）；leave one's side「离开某人身边」。一句总起，把「寸步不离」立成全章前提。

② They are there, whether the president is on vacation, playing golf, or meeting with foreign leaders.

📐 whether…or…「无论是……还是……」，引导让步列举。注意 whether 后面是完整从句（is 不能省）。
📐 on vacation 在度假；playing golf 与前面的 is 构成现在进行时（is … playing），三个场景并列。
📐 「会见外国领导人」。度假（私）→ 打球（半私）→ 外事（公），三种场合从松到紧排开，说明「没有例外」。

③ Teams of agents follow the president's every move.

📐 teams of「一队队」，复数强调人多、轮班。
📐 every move「每一个动作」。第 24、25 段会连用 Their every move / their every move，同一短语反复出现，把「被盯着」的压迫感一层层加上去。

④ They also stick close to the first family.

📐 stick close to（stick–stuck–stuck）「紧贴着」，与第 5 段 agents stuck close to the first couple 完全同款，只是时态从过去回到一般现在。
📐 第一家庭。first 在这里是「第一（总统的）」的固定用法，与 First Lady 同源。

⑤ Their presence can sometimes cause problems, especially for the president's children.

📐 presence 名词「在场、存在」，反义 absence 缺席。抽象名词作主语，是说明文常用写法。
📐 cause 作动词「造成、引起」，后接名词 problems。这一句是全章的转折：前面讲公共安全，从这半句起改讲私人代价。
📐 especially「尤其」，把范围收窄到孩子身上，接下来两段全是他们的故事。

It can be difficult to be a child of the president. Their every move is watched. They can't go to the mall whenever they wish like other children or go to their friend's house after school. If they do, the Secret Service has to be nearby. Sometimes kids rebel. Theodore Roosevelt had six children. One son, Quentin, climbed onto the roof of the White House and threw snowballs at Secret Service agents.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 24 段（Family Affair · 7 句）

① It can be difficult to be a child of the president.

📐 It 形式主语，真主语是后面的 to be a child of the president；can 表「可能会」。
📐 「总统的孩子」。注意用的是 a child 单数泛指，指「任何一个这样的孩子」。

② Their every move is watched.

📐 被动语态 is watched：被看着。不写「谁在看」，反而更压抑——看的人无处不在。their every move 是书面语里很地道的「他们的每个举动」。

③ They can't go to the mall whenever they wish like other children or go to their friend's house after school.

📐 whenever「无论何时、想什么时候就什么时候」；wish 在这里＝ want，语气更书面。
📐 like 介词「像……一样」。这一处作比较把「总统的孩子」和「普通孩子」直接摆在一起，是全章最扎心的对照。
📐 「放学后」，固定搭配不加冠词（不是 after the school）。

④ If they do, the Secret Service has to be nearby.

📐 If they do 里的 do 代替上句整串动作（避免重复）；has to 必须，nearby 在附近（near + by 的闭合复合词，worksheet 第 3 题有它）。

⑤ Sometimes kids rebel.

📐 rebel 动词「反抗、叛逆」（本课核心词），重音在第二个音节 /rɪˈbel/；作名词「反叛者」时重音在第一音节。三个词的短句，干脆地引出下一段的例子。

⑥ Theodore Roosevelt had six children.

📐 西奥多·罗斯福有六个孩子。先给数字，再讲其中一个的故事，是举例子的经典开场。

⑦ One son, Quentin, climbed onto the roof of the White House and threw snowballs at Secret Service agents.

📐 climb onto…「爬到……上面」，onto 强调「到表面之上」（on + to）。
📐 throw sth at sb「朝某人扔……」，介词 at 表瞄准目标（对照 throw to sb 是「扔给」）。snowball 雪球，也是闭合复合词。
📐 孩子朝探员扔雪球——一个又顽皮又心酸的细节，比任何议论都更能说明「生活在保护之下」是什么滋味。
🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.19
Barbara and Jenna Bush sometimes grew tired of Secret Service protection.
barbarajennadaughters
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.19. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

Barbara and Jenna Bush, the twin daughters of President George W. Bush, just wanted to be normal teenagers. They were upset that they couldn't take a walk or go shopping without agents following them. Jenna once snuck out of the White House to escape her security team. First Ladies also often get tired of having armed guards following their every move. "We love them dearly and they do a great job," says Michelle Obama. She also says that sometimes she would like to "sneak out" and "walk out the front door" without them.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 25 段（Family Affair · 6 句）

① Barbara and Jenna Bush, the twin daughters of President George W. Bush, just wanted to be normal teenagers.

📐 逗号之间是同位语，说明芭芭拉和珍娜是谁；twin 双胞胎的。人名 + 同位语是人物介绍的标准写法。
📐 just「只不过」＋ wanted to be。一个 just，把愿望之小、之难写足。
📐 「普通的青少年」。normal 与第 8 段总统想「be seen as just like everyone else」同一个主题：这个家庭三代人，都在争取「普通」。

② They were upset that they couldn't take a walk or go shopping without agents following them.

📐 be upset that + 从句「因为……而沮丧」，that 引导原因/内容从句。
📐 without + 名词 + doing「没有某人在做某事的情况下」。following 现在分词作宾补，说明 agents 正在做的动作。

③ Jenna once snuck out of the White House to escape her security team.

📐 sneak out of「偷偷溜出」，过去式 snuck（也可 sneaked）。本课核心词 sneak。once「曾经有一次」放在动词前。
📐 不定式表目的；escape 逃脱，security team 安保小组。第 25 段末尾米歇尔·奥巴马也想 "sneak out"，用的是同一个动词。

④ First Ladies also often get tired of having armed guards following their every move.

📐 get tired of + doing「对……感到厌倦」；get 强调「渐渐变得」，比 be tired of 更有过程感。
📐 armed 过去分词作定语「武装的、带枪的」；have + 宾语 + doing 表示「一直有某人做某事」。
📐 第三次出现 every move。同一短语在 23、24、25 段连着出现，正是作者刻意制造的复现：走到哪都被看着。

⑤ "We love them dearly and they do a great job," says Michelle Obama.

📐 dearly「深深地、非常」，love sb dearly 比 love sb very much 更温柔。先肯定，再转折，说话很有分寸。
📐 do a great job「做得很出色」，口语高频夸赞。
📐 引语后的倒装：says + 说话人（也可写 Michelle Obama says）。引号里的内容是直接引语，标点放在引号内，这是英文引号的规则。

⑥ She also says that sometimes she would like to "sneak out" and "walk out the front door" without them.

📐 would like to do「想要做」，比 want to 委婉。that 引导宾语从句，从句里用 sometimes 表偶尔。
📐 引号里的 sneak out 与珍娜的 snuck out 同根——第一夫人用女儿们用过的词，幽默又心照不宣。
📐 walk out (the) front door「从正门直接走出去」，out 在这里作介词（口语中省 the）。一个再普通不过的动作，对第一家庭却是奢望——以小见大的漂亮收尾。
📖 参考译文（点击展开）

特勤局几乎寸步不离总统：度假、打高尔夫、会见外国领导人，都在旁边。一队队探员跟着总统的每一个动作，也紧贴着第一家庭。这种「如影随形」有时会带来麻烦，对总统的孩子尤其如此。……做总统的孩子并不容易：一举一动都有人看着，不能像别的孩子那样想去逛商场就去、放学后想去同学家就去；真要去，特勤局也得跟着。于是孩子偶尔会反抗。西奥多·罗斯福有六个孩子，其中一个儿子昆廷曾爬上白宫屋顶，朝特勤局探员扔雪球。……乔治·W·布什总统的双胞胎女儿芭芭拉和珍娜，只想当普通的青少年。不能在没有探员跟着的情况下散个步、逛个街，让她们很沮丧；珍娜有一次还偷偷溜出白宫，想甩掉安保小组。第一夫人们也常常厌倦被武装警卫盯着：「我们很爱他们，他们也做得极好」，米歇尔·奥巴马说，可她有时也想「溜出去」「从正门直接走出去」，不带他们。

📐 本章结构分析 · Family Affair（p.18–19）
段落功能
视角一转，从「公共安全」写到「私人代价」：用孩子和第一夫人的小故事把制度写出人情味
信息脉络
贴身保护无孔不入（度假 / 高尔夫 / 外事）→ 提出代价 → 总统子女的困境（不能逛商场、不能去同学家）→ 昆廷扔雪球 → 布什双胞胎与「溜出白宫」→ 米歇尔·奥巴马的心声 → 首尾同款动词 sneak out 呼应
主旨句
Their presence can sometimes cause problems, especially for the president's children.
说明方法
举例子（Quentin / Barbara and Jenna Bush / Michelle Obama）引用（"We love them dearly and they do a great job"）作比较（普通孩子 ↔ 总统的孩子）

Shades and Sleeves p.20

🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.20
Sunglasses and communications earpieces are often worn by agents on duty.
secretserviceagent
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.20. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

It's not hard to spot a Secret Service agent. Just look for the man or woman wearing sunglasses. The glasses allow the agent to see what people in a crowd are doing, even in bright sunlight.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 26 段（Shades and Sleeves · 3 句）

① It's not hard to spot a Secret Service agent.

📐 It is + 形容词 + to do 形式主语；否定式「做……并不难」。一句话先给结论，再用两句举证。
📐 spot 作动词＝「一眼认出、发现」，比 see / find 更强调「在人群里认出来」。

② Just look for the man or woman wearing sunglasses.

📐 look for「找」，Just + 祈使句「只要……就行」，语气轻快，像在教你一个小窍门。
📐 现在分词作后置定语修饰 the man or woman。sunglasses 墨镜（sun + glasses 复合词），恒用复数，本课核心词。

③ The glasses allow the agent to see what people in a crowd are doing, even in bright sunlight.

📐 allow sb to do「使某人能够做某事」，本章连着出现三次（allow / allows / allows），是典型的「功能说明」句型。
📐 what 引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序；in a crowd 作后置定语修饰 people。墨镜不是为了酷，是为了看清人群里每一只手。
📐 even「即使」＋ bright sunlight 强光，把使用条件补上，说明这个功能确实必要。

Agents also wear a tiny speaker in their ear. That's because the Secret Service has its own communication system. The speaker allows agents to hear directions from a special command unit. Agents often look as if they are whispering words into the sleeve of their clothing. Inside the sleeve is a tiny microphone that allows agents to talk to one another.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 27 段（Shades and Sleeves · 5 句）

① Agents also wear a tiny speaker in their ear.

📐 tiny「极小的」；speaker 在这里是「扬声器/耳机」，不是「说话的人」——一词多义，靠语境判断。
📐 in one's ear「在耳朵里」。注意英文用单数 ear 泛指，中文习惯说「耳朵里」。

② That's because the Secret Service has its own communication system.

📐 That's because…「那是因为……」，专门用来解释上一句的原因；注意区别于 That's why…（那是……的结果）。
📐 one's own + 名词「自己的……」；communication 通信（本课核心词），由 communicate + -tion 构成。

③ The speaker allows agents to hear directions from a special command unit.

📐 第二次 allow sb to do；directions 在这里是「指令、指示」（不是「方向」），常用复数。
📐 command 指挥，unit 小组/单元。from 表示信息来源。

④ Agents often look as if they are whispering words into the sleeve of their clothing.

📐 look as if + 从句「看上去好像……」。这里用虚拟/推测语气，故意先给一个「错误印象」。
📐 whisper into…「对着……低语」；现在进行时与 are 搭配。
📐 sleeve 袖子（章标题 Shades and Sleeves 的 sleeves），clothing 衣物总称、不可数。

⑤ Inside the sleeve is a tiny microphone that allows agents to talk to one another.

📐 地点状语放句首引起完全倒装：Inside the sleeve is a tiny microphone（正常语序 A tiny microphone is inside the sleeve）。倒装让「谜底」落在本章最后一句。
📐 microphone 麦克风（本课核心词），micro-（微小）+ phone（声音）。
📐 第三次 allow sb to do；one another「彼此、互相」（三者以上常用 one another，两者用 each other）。原来他们不是对袖子说话，是靠袖子里的麦通话。

🧩 闭合复合词 · Closed Compound Words（worksheet 第 3 题）

两个小词直接拼成一个新词，中间不加空格、不加连字符：check + point = checkpoint。课文里就有 nearby、sunglasses、overhead、newspaper、bodyguards、afterward 等好几个。先猜意思，再对照右表。

左 + 右合成词意思
over + headoverhead头顶上 / 在上方
nick + namednicknamed被起绰号的
out + sideoutside在外面
any + thinganything任何事
head + quartersheadquarters总部
body + guardsbodyguards保镖
news + papernewspaper报纸
up + setupset心烦的 / 打乱
near + bynearby在附近
some + timessometimes有时
📖 参考译文（点击展开）

认出特勤局探员并不难：找那个戴墨镜的人就行。墨镜让探员即便在刺眼的阳光下，也能看清人群里每个人在做什么。……探员耳朵里还塞着一只微型扬声器，因为特勤局有自己的通信系统，靠它接收指挥专班的指令。探员看上去常像在对着衣袖低语——袖子里藏着一只微型麦克风，用来和同伴通话。

📐 本章结构分析 · Shades and Sleeves（p.20）
段落功能
最短的「装备说明」章：两个外在特征，各配一条原理解释
信息脉络
总起（很好认）→ 特征一墨镜 + 功能（强光下看清人群）→ 特征二耳麦 → 解释通信系统 → 解开「对着袖子低语」的误会（袖内麦克风）
主旨句
It's not hard to spot a Secret Service agent.
说明方法
设问式悬念（look as if they are whispering… 再揭底）作诠释（The glasses allow… / The speaker allows…）分类别（看 / 听 / 说 三件装备）

Danger Is Their Business p.21-22

🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.21
President Ronald Reagan waves to the crowd just moments before being shot on March 30, 1981.
presidentronaldreagan
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.21. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

President Ronald Reagan was leaving a Washington, D.C., hotel after giving a speech. Pop! Pop! Pop! Someone was firing a pistol. Agent Timothy McCarthy quickly responded. He used his body to shield Reagan from the shooter. McCarthy was struck by a bullet. He later recovered from his wounds. Another agent, Dennis McCarthy, grabbed the attacker and stopped the shooting.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 28 段（Danger Is Their Business · 8 句）

① President Ronald Reagan was leaving a Washington, D.C., hotel after giving a speech.

📐 过去进行时「正要离开」，为下一秒的枪声设置进行中的背景动作。
📐 after + doing「在发表演讲之后」；give a speech 发表演讲（本课核心词 speech）。

② Pop! Pop! Pop!

📐 Pop! 是拟声词（onomatopoeia）：枪响的「砰」。三个词独立成句，没有任何解释，节奏一下子把读者拽进现场——这是全书最电影化的一笔。

③ Someone was firing a pistol.

📐 fire a pistol 开枪；pistol 手枪（本课核心词）。过去进行时说明枪声还在继续。

④ Agent Timothy McCarthy quickly responded.

📐 respond 反应、应对（本课核心词）；quickly 副词修饰动词，位置在动词前。短句 + 副词，写出「快」这个关键。

⑤ He used his body to shield Reagan from the shooter.

📐 use sth to do 用某物去做某事；shield 作动词「遮挡、掩护」（本课核心词），名词是「盾牌」。
📐 shield A from B「把 A 从 B 那里护住」，介词固定用 from。shooter 枪手。

⑥ McCarthy was struck by a bullet.

📐 strike（strike–struck–struck）击中，被动式 was struck by；bullet 子弹（本课核心词）。正是末章 "take a bullet" 的字面场景。

⑦ He later recovered from his wounds.

📐 recover from「从……中康复」；wound 伤口（读作 /wuːnd/，与 wound「缠绕」同形不同音）。survive（本课核心词）是它的近义表达。

⑧ Another agent, Dennis McCarthy, grabbed the attacker and stopped the shooting.

📐 grab「一把抓住」，比 catch 更有爆发力；attacker 袭击者。两位探员同姓 McCarthy 却不是同一人，读时留意 Another agent。
📐 stop + 名词/doing 制止。一名挡子弹、一名制服枪手，两个动作把「训练有素」演给你看。

Although he was wounded, Reagan survived the attack. "I forgot to duck," he famously said. Still, President Reagan's close call shows the dangers that Secret Service agents face.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 29 段（Danger Is Their Business · 3 句）

① Although he was wounded, Reagan survived the attack.

📐 Although 让步从句「虽然」；wounded 与上一句的 wounds 同根。注意英文里 although 和 but 不能同时用。
📐 survive 及物动词「幸存于……」，后面直接接宾语，不加 from（survive the attack ✓）。

② "I forgot to duck," he famously said.

📐 forget to do「忘了要做某事」（对比 forget doing 忘了做过）；duck 作动词「猛低下头、躲闪」。里根用一句自嘲化解了全场紧张。
📐 famously「出了名地」，用来引一句广为流传的名言。引语后的倒装与第 25 段 says Michelle Obama 同款。

③ Still, President Reagan's close call shows the dangers that Secret Service agents face.

📐 a close call 习语「险些出事、与死神擦肩」。一个名词短语把整起事件收成「一次侥幸」。
📐 show 在这里＝「说明、表明」，主语是抽象的事件，说明文里很常用。
📐 that 引导定语从句修饰 the dangers；face 作动词「面对（危险）」。这句是从事实转向观点的过渡句。
🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.22
President Barack Obama is flanked by agents after flying to Tampa, Florida, aboard Air Force One.
secretserviceagents
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.22. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?

Why do Secret Service agents keep doing their job if it is so dangerous? It's more than a job. By protecting the president, agents are serving their country. The death of a president can change the course of history. That's why thirty-five Secret Service agents, officers, and other agency workers have given their lives in the line of duty.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 30 段（Danger Is Their Business · 5 句）

① Why do Secret Service agents keep doing their job if it is so dangerous?

📐 keep doing「持续做、一直做」，keep 后接动名词不接不定式。又一个设问，和第 7 段 Why were these early presidents…? 同一种推进手法。
📐 真实条件句；so 修饰形容词 dangerous。「既然这么危险，为什么还干？」——把读者从「看故事」拉到「想价值」。

② It's more than a job.

📐 more than + 名词「不只是……」。五个词的短句独立成段，是全书的价值宣言。

③ By protecting the president, agents are serving their country.

📐 By + doing 表方式「通过做某事」，放句首强调手段。
📐 serve one's country「报效国家」。现在进行时表示这是一直在发生的事。回答了上一句的 Why。

④ The death of a president can change the course of history.

📐 die 的名词形式是 death（不是 dead）；of 表示所属。
📐 高分搭配 change the course of history「改变历史的走向」。course 在这里是「进程、方向」不是「课程」——Quick Check 第 11 题的参考答案就是这句话。

⑤ That's why thirty-five Secret Service agents, officers, and other agency workers have given their lives in the line of duty.

📐 That's why + 结果「这就是为什么……」，与第 27 段的 That's because + 原因正好成对，一起记最不容易混。
📐 具体数字 thirty-five（注意十位与个位之间要有连字符）。列数字让「使命」有了分量。
📐 give one's life「献出生命」；现在完成时 have given 强调「截至今天已经」。lives 是 life 的复数（f → ves）。
📐 固定习语 in the line of duty「因公、在执行任务时」。line 这里指「职责范围」，和第 2 段 lining the street 的 line 又是一次一词多义。

Secret Service agents are trained to "take a bullet" for the president. As long as there are people willing to harm America's elected leader, there will be Secret Service agents sworn to stop them.

🔍 段落精讲 · 第 31 段（Danger Is Their Business · 2 句）

① Secret Service agents are trained to "take a bullet" for the president.

📐 be trained to do「受过训练去做某事」，被动语态 + 不定式。
📐 字面「挨一颗子弹」，引申为「替人挡枪、挺身护主」。引号表示这是行内的形象说法，讨论问答卡第 6 题就问它的含义。回想第 28 段 Timothy McCarthy 真的被 struck by a bullet——前后呼应得严丝合缝。
📐 for「为了、替」。for 与第 1 段 planning for months 的 for 用法不同，一个表受益者、一个表时长。

② As long as there are people willing to harm America's elected leader, there will be Secret Service agents sworn to stop them.

📐 As long as「只要」，引导条件从句（不是「和……一样长」）。收尾用条件句，把机构的存在写成一种必然。
📐 be willing to do「有意、愿意做」；harm 伤害。
📐 elected 过去分词作定语「民选的」，回扣第 7 段的 choose their own leaders through elections——绕了整整一本书，又回到「民主」这个起点。
📐 sworn 过去分词作后置定语（＝ who have sworn），与第 1 段 had just been sworn in、第 3 段 had sworn an oath 构成全书最漂亮的一次首尾闭环：以宣誓开场，以宣誓收束。

🕵 边栏 · Code Names（p.23 · 代号）

被保护的每个人都有一个代号，既能避免叫错名字，也能让通话内容不外泄。奥巴马一家四口的代号都以 R 开头：Renegade / Renaissance / Radiance / Rosebud。

Code Name谁为什么
EagleBill Clinton 比尔·克林顿鹰
RawhideRonald Reagan 罗纳德·里根生牛皮；他演过西部片
LancerJohn F. Kennedy 约翰·F·肯尼迪长枪骑兵
RainbowNancy Reagan 南希·里根彩虹；她爱穿鲜亮衣服
AnglerDick Cheney 迪克·切尼垂钓者；他爱钓鱼
NapoleonFrank Sinatra 弗兰克·辛纳屈借用法国将军之名（并非被保护人）
RenegadeBarack Obama 贝拉克·奥巴马「叛逆者」
RenaissanceMichelle Obama 米歇尔·奥巴马「复兴」
RadianceMalia Obama 玛利亚·奥巴马「光辉」
RosebudSasha Obama 萨莎·奥巴马「玫瑰花蕾」

📕 书后词汇表 · Glossary（p.24）

原书列出的 12 个加粗词：前 6 个是 story critical（理解故事必需），后 6 个是 enrichment（拓展）。点正文任意单词也能查到随身词典。

Word词性原书英文释义（中译）
agentsn.受政府授权代表其行事的人，如间谍、警卫或调查员
assassinatedv.遭突袭杀害
bodyguardsn.职责是保护某人安全的人
candidatesn.谋求当选或被选中的人
Congressn.美国最高立法机构，含参议院和众议院
democracyn.由人民通过自由而定期的选举管理的政体
first ladyn.国家元首的妻子
inaugurationn.宣誓就职的典礼
investigatev.设法查明某事的真相或信息
limousinen.长而昂贵、常由专职司机驾驶的轿车
oathn.正式的承诺
threatsn.表示将要造成伤害的言辞
📖 参考译文（点击展开）

罗纳德·里根总统在华盛顿一家酒店发表完演讲正要离开。砰！砰！砰！有人开了枪。探员蒂莫西·麦卡锡反应极快，用身体挡在里根和枪手之间，自己中了一弹，后来伤愈。另一名探员丹尼斯·麦卡锡扑上去制服了袭击者，制止了枪击。……里根虽然受伤，却活了下来。「我忘了蹲下」，他这句名言流传开来。可这次与死神擦肩，也让人看清了特勤局探员面对的是怎样的危险。……既然这么危险，探员们为什么还继续干？因为这不只是一份工作。保护总统，就是在报效国家；一位总统的离世，可能改变历史的走向。正因如此，已有三十五名特勤局探员、警员和机构工作人员因公殉职。……特勤局探员受过的训练，就包括替总统「挡一颗子弹」。只要还有人想伤害美国民选的元首，就会有宣过誓要拦住他们的特勤局探员。

🖼 FROM THE BOOK · p.23
Ronald "Rawhide" Reagan
💬 THINK & SAYLook at p.23. Which sentence on this page goes with the picture?
📐 本章结构分析 · Danger Is Their Business（p.21–22）
段落功能
以一次真实枪击收束，再把「职业」升格为「使命」：事实 → 名言 → 追问 → 誓言
信息脉络
现场白描（Pop! Pop! Pop!）→ 两名探员的动作（挡子弹 / 制服枪手）→ 里根的名言 → 自问自答 Why…? → 给出价值（改变历史走向 / 35 人殉职）→ 收尾誓言与条件句（As long as…, there will be…）
主旨句
By protecting the president, agents are serving their country.
说明方法
列数字（thirty-five / 1981）引用（"I forgot to duck." / "take a bullet"）举例子（Timothy McCarthy / Dennis McCarthy）首尾呼应（ sworn an oath ↔ sworn to stop them）
✍️ 说明方法小结（可迁移到你的作文）
  • 作比较：人群看总统 ↔ 探员看人群；建国初期白宫不锁门 ↔ 今天封路设卡；普通孩子 ↔ 总统的孩子——本书最核心的方法。
  • 列数字：1865 / 1901 / 八英寸装甲 / 九楼 / 三十五人因公殉职——数字让说明可信，也撑起时间线。
  • 分类别：被保护的对象（总统 / 候选人 / 副总统 / 外国官员）、威胁的渠道（电话 / 邮件 / 网络）、装备（看 / 听 / 说）。
  • 举例子：林肯的帽子被打飞、昆廷扔雪球、珍娜溜出白宫、里根遇刺——抽象制度全靠具体故事落地。
  • 引用：林肯的「笼子」、《纽约论坛报》的「职务的奴隶」、里根的「我忘了蹲下」、米歇尔·奥巴马的心声。
  • 首尾呼应：第 1 章 sworn in（总统宣誓）→ 第 3 章 sworn an oath（探员宣誓）→ 末章 sworn to stop them（誓言收束）。
✍️ 写作手法小结（仿写提示）
  • 环形结构：先给当下的具体场景 → 用 In 1865 / Afterward 往回讲历史 → 用 Today, … 或一句誓言收束。
  • 反差与短句：铺陈一大段紧张之后，用 Nothing bad happened. 四个字收住；严肃话题里插一个孩子扔雪球的小故事。
  • 关键词复现：sworn / every move / sneak out 各出现两三次，读者自然感到「首尾是同一件事」。
  • 先破后立：先纠正「特勤局天生就是保镖」的误会，再讲它如何变成保镖——写说明文时，一个误会就是最好的开头。

🗣 讨论问答卡 · 互动答题 Discussion Cards

Reading A-Z Discussion Cards（6 张），每张训练一种阅读思维：因果关系、分析判断、作者意图、评价推断、顺序梳理、推理结论。点「✅ 提交评分」后系统按要点覆盖自动打分——先用中文想清楚，再尽量用英文写；中英混写也算分（关键词命中即得分）。也可以点「🎤 语音输入」把答案说出来——识别结果自动填入作答框（需 Chrome/Safari 并允许麦克风权限），说完可继续打字修改再提交。建议读完课文、做完词汇模块后再来挑战。

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2词汇学习

点「🔊 点读」听范音；点「🎤 跟读」会先播范音、再录下你的跟读并自动回放对比。点卡片其他区域翻面看释义。核心词分三组：安保装备与地点 → 制度与事件名词 → 动作动词。

🛡 A组 · 安保装备与地点 课文核心词

headquarters
/ˈhedkwɔːtəz/
n. 总部
点击翻面 →
特勤局总部（离白宫不远的普通办公楼）
the main office where an organization is run
"The headquarters of the Secret Service is a plain office building."
armor
/ˈɑːmə(r)/
n. 装甲；护甲
点击翻面 →
装甲（"The Beast" 有 8 英寸厚）
a strong metal covering that protects against attack
"Its eight inches of armor could protect the Obamas."
checkpoint
/ˈtʃekpɔɪnt/
n. 检查站；关卡
点击翻面 →
安检点（就职日加设了很多）
a place where people and cars are stopped and checked
"They had blocked many streets and added security checkpoints."
pistol
/ˈpɪstl/
n. 手枪
点击翻面 →
手枪（里根遇刺时有人开枪）
a small gun held in one hand
"Someone was firing a pistol."
bullet
/ˈbʊlɪt/
n. 子弹
点击翻面 →
子弹（麦卡锡探员被击中）
a small metal object fired from a gun
"McCarthy was struck by a bullet."
sunglasses
/ˈsʌnɡlɑːsɪz/
n. 墨镜
点击翻面 →
墨镜（辨认探员的第一个标志）
dark glasses that protect the eyes from bright light
"Just look for the man or woman wearing sunglasses."

🏛 B组 · 制度与事件名词 课文核心词

counterfeiting
/ˈkaʊntəfɪtɪŋ/
n. 伪造货币
点击翻面 →
造假币（1865 年特勤局最初的任务）
the crime of making fake money
"a crime called counterfeiting"
assassination
/əˌsæsɪˈneɪʃn/
n. 暗杀；刺杀
点击翻面 →
暗杀（林肯、加菲尔德、麦金莱、肯尼迪）
the murder of an important person by a surprise attack
"Even after Lincoln's assassination, it took some time…"
election
/ɪˈlekʃn/
n. 选举
点击翻面 →
选举（美国人自己选领导人）
a time when people vote to choose a leader
"Americans wanted to choose their own leaders through elections."
security
/sɪˈkjʊərəti/
n. 安保；安全
点击翻面 →
安保（就职日层层设防）
the things done to keep a person or place safe
"Secret Service agents closed off the streets to provide security."
danger
/ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/
n. 危险
点击翻面 →
危险（探员在人群里找线索）
the chance that something bad may happen
"looking for any hint of danger"
communication
/kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/
n. 通信；联络
点击翻面 →
通信系统（特勤局有自己的一套）
the act of sharing information by speaking or by equipment
"the Secret Service has its own communication system"
microphone
/ˈmaɪkrəfəʊn/
n. 麦克风
点击翻面 →
藏在袖口里的小麦克风
a small device that picks up a person's voice
"Inside the sleeve is a tiny microphone."
crowd
/kraʊd/
n. 人群
点击翻面 →
欢呼的人群（沿街两侧）
a large group of people in one place
"The couple waved to the cheering crowd."
speech
/spiːtʃ/
n. 演讲；讲话
点击翻面 →
演讲（里根演讲后离开酒店）
a talk given to a group of people
"after giving a speech"

⚡ C组 · 重点动作动词

protect
/prəˈtekt/
v. 保护
点击翻面 →
保护总统（特勤局的核心任务）
to keep someone safe from harm
"They had sworn an oath to protect the president."
guard
/ɡɑːd/
v. 守卫；看守
点击翻面 →
守卫（也守候选人、副总统）
to watch over a person or place and keep it safe
"the Secret Service also guards presidential candidates"
shield
/ʃiːld/
v. 遮挡；掩护
点击翻面 →
用身体挡住里根
to put yourself in front of someone to keep them safe
"He used his body to shield Reagan from the shooter."
patrol
/pəˈtrəʊl/
v. 巡逻
点击翻面 →
船在波托马克河巡逻
to move around an area to keep it safe
"Boats patrolled the Potomac River."
rebel
/rɪˈbel/
v. 反抗；叛逆
点击翻面 →
总统的孩子偶尔也会反抗
to refuse to obey rules or people in charge
"Sometimes kids rebel."
sneak
/sniːk/
v. 偷偷溜走
点击翻面 →
珍娜溜出白宫躲开安保队
to move or leave quietly so nobody notices
"Jenna once snuck out of the White House."
respond
/rɪˈspɒnd/
v. 反应；应对
点击翻面 →
枪响后立刻反应
to act quickly when something happens
"Agent Timothy McCarthy quickly responded."
survive
/səˈvaɪv/
v. 幸存；活下来
点击翻面 →
里根幸存下来
to stay alive after something dangerous
"Reagan survived the attack."
💡 记忆小窍门：把 12 个学术词按「谁 / 做什么 / 什么制度」分三堆——人：agent、bodyguard、candidate、first lady、Congress；动作：investigate、assassinate、protect；制度与物件：democracy、oath、inauguration、limousine、threat。近义辨析：threat（威胁，还没发生）↔ danger（危险，状态）；assassinate 专指刺杀「重要政治人物」，普通人用 kill。构词：counterfeit + -ing（行为）/ + -er（人）；assassinate → assassination；investigate → investigation。

✏️ 词汇测试（12 题）

先选好 12 道题再点「提交答案」，会逐题批改并给出解析。

🔤 词汇拓展学习（Vocabulary A-Z · 12 词）

12 个原书加粗学术词，都在书里出现过。四种题型（类比推理 / 选词填空 / 概念补全 / 综合测评），全部自动判分。

🔤 Part A · 12 个新词词卡 Day 1 · Words in Context

点卡片翻面看英文释义、构词/同反义提示与语境例句；🔊 点读 / 🎤 跟读按钮在正面。

investigate
/ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/
v. 调查
点击翻面 →
to try to find out facts or information about something
in-（进入）+ vestig（追踪足迹）→ 顺着线索查进去；名词 investigation
"Agents take every threat seriously and investigate it."
first lady
/ˌfɜːst ˈleɪdi/
n. 第一夫人
点击翻面 →
the wife of a head of state
first（第一）+ lady（女士）；是专有名词，首字母常大写
"He held hands with the First Lady, Michelle Obama."
Congress
/ˈkɒŋɡres/
n. 国会
点击翻面 →
the highest lawmaking body of the U.S. government
con-（一起）+ gress（走）→ 大家走到一起开会；含参众两院
"Congress formed the Secret Service in 1865."
democracy
/dɪˈmɒkrəsi/
n. 民主；民主政体
点击翻面 →
a form of government run by the people through free elections
demo（人民）+ cracy（统治）→ 人民统治；反义 dictatorship
"The United States was founded as a democracy."
assassinate
/əˈsæsɪneɪt/
v. 暗杀
点击翻面 →
to kill a prominent leader in a planned attack
名词 assassination；过去分词 assassinated 常作定语
"Abraham Lincoln was assassinated."
candidate
/ˈkændɪdət/
n. 候选人
点击翻面 →
a person who seeks to be elected or chosen
candid（坦白、白色长袍）+ -ate → 古罗马穿白袍竞选的人
"the Secret Service also guards presidential candidates"
oath
/əʊθ/
n. 誓言；宣誓
点击翻面 →
a formal promise
固定搭配 take / swear an oath；注意 th 咬舌音
"They had sworn an oath to protect the president."
threat
/θret/
n. 威胁
点击翻面 →
a statement of intent to cause harm
动词 threaten；形容词 threatening
"The threats can come over the telephone, in the mail, or over the Internet."
inauguration
/ɪˌnɔːɡjəˈreɪʃn/
n. 就职典礼
点击翻面 →
a ceremony in which a person is sworn into office
动词 inaugurate；Inauguration Day 是美国总统就职日
"planning for Inauguration Day for months"
agent
/ˈeɪdʒənt/
n. 探员；特工
点击翻面 →
a person given the authority to act on behalf of a government
ag-（做）+ -ent（人）→ 做事的人；also: travel agent 旅行社代理人
"These men and women were agents of the U.S. Secret Service."
bodyguard
/ˈbɒdiɡɑːd/
n. 保镖；护卫
点击翻面 →
a person whose job is to keep someone safe
closed compound：两个词连写，中间不留空格也不加连字符
"only rulers of foreign countries had bodyguards"
limousine
/ˈlɪməziːn/
n. 豪华轿车
点击翻面 →
a long, expensive car often driven by a hired driver
口语简称 limo；总统那辆绰号 "The Beast"
"It looked like a black limousine, but it was really a tank."
📌 拓展词 + 核心词都会出现在后面的练习里，忘了就回上面翻卡复习。

🧩 Part B · 类比推理 12 题 Day 2 · Analogies

先判断第一组词的关系，再从词库选词补全第二组：点词库选词 → 点横线填入；点已填的横线可取回。提交后显示每题的关系解析。

✏️ Part C · 选词填空 12 题 Day 2 · Cloze Sentences

从词库中选词补全句子，每个词恰好用一次。点词库选词 → 点横线填入。

💡 Part D · 概念补全 12 题 Day 4 · Concept Completion

用你自己的话补全句子——检验是否真懂这个词，而不是背搭配。中英都行，关键词命中即得分；也可口语输入后粘贴进来。

已作答 0 / 12 题 · 要点命中 0 / 0

📋 Part E · 综合测评 12 题 Day 5 · Assessment

Day 5 测评原题（三选一），覆盖全部拓展词汇。

3长难句学习

三步学每个句子：① 看句子骨架图——上层是主干（主→谓→宾/表），下层挂修饰成分，悬停彩色词块还能看成分标签；② 读拆解和译文；③ 点「✍️ 结构仿写 · 新句翻译」——给一句结构相同的新中文句，参照上方原句和骨架图把它译成英文，提交后自动批改结构点与用词。

🛠 拆句四步法

  1. 找谓语动词——一个句子只有一个主干谓语（从句里有自己的小谓语）；
  2. 抓连接词——If / Though / As / whose / that / which / as long as… 出现，就从它后面"切一刀"；
  3. 认非谓语——doing（主动/伴随）、done（被动/修饰）、to do（目的）都是"隐藏的小句子"；
  4. 先主干后修饰——先译"谁+做+什么"，再把修饰成分一个个挂上去。
主语 谓语 表语/宾语 定语/从句 状语 非谓语短语 插入语
句 1 · p.7 虚拟条件句（与过去事实相反）+ 三人名并列主语

If Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, and Andrew Jackson had been alive in 2009, they would have been shocked.

拆解这是第三条件句（对过去的虚拟）的教科书例句——If + 主语 + had done, 主语 + would have done。从句里 had been alive 说的是一个不可能成立的前提（人都去世两百年了），主句 would have been shocked 是由此推出来的假想结果。三个总统名并列作从句主语，逗号不能少：A, B, and C。把框架抽出来就能自己造句：If I had known about the test, I would have studied harder. 作者用「假如他们看见 2009 年的总统有保镖」这一记穿越，把两百年的观念落差瞬间拉满。
译：如果托马斯·杰斐逊、约翰·亚当斯和安德鲁·杰克逊活到 2009 年，他们一定会大吃一惊。
句 2 · p.4 双层分词定语 + 插入语（主语与谓语被隔开的经典长句）

Nearby, groups of men and women dressed in dark suits, some wearing sunglasses, moved along with the couple.

拆解主干只有五个词——groups moved along（人群在移动）。长，全因为主语后面挂了两层修饰：① dressed in dark suits 过去分词作后置定语（＝who were dressed in…）；② some wearing sunglasses 是「代词 + 现在分词」的独立结构，补一句细节。两层修饰把主语和谓语隔得老远，读的时候要能「跳读」：先抓 groups…moved along，再把修饰一层层挂回去。这是英文新闻/纪实写作最常见的长句做法，也是本书第 4、5 章反复出现的句型。
译：不远处，一群身着深色西装的男男女女，有的戴着墨镜，随着这对夫妇一同前行。
句 3 · p.8 As 时间从句 + so 倒装（全书最精炼的一句）

As the nation grew, so did the threats against the president's life.

拆解so + 助动词 + 主语 表示「……也一样」，是必须倒装的句型。前半句 As the nation grew 用 grew，后半句不便重复，就用助动词 did 代劳；主语 the threats 被挤到 did 后面。还原成普通语序是：the threats against the president's life also grew。短短十个词，把「国家越强大 → 总统越危险」这层递进关系说得又轻又重。讨论问答卡里专门问这句话是什么意思，答题要点就是「两者一起增长」。写作文可套：As the city grew, so did its traffic problems.
译：随着国家一天天壮大，针对总统生命的威胁也一天天变多。
句 4 · p.8 It 形式主语 + while + doing + 宾语从句（两难句）

It became difficult to allow people to freely meet with the president while also making sure the nation's leader was kept safe.

拆解主干是 It became difficult to allow…——it 只是形式主语，真主语是后面长长的不定式 to allow people to freely meet with the president（allow sb to do 允许某人做某事）。while also making sure 用「while + 现在分词」补上第二个必须同时做到的动作，making sure 后面又跟了一个省略 that 的宾语从句，从句里 was kept safe 是 keep + 宾语 + 形容词的被动式。一句话里塞进两件互相打架的事：让人随便见总统 / 保证总统安全。这正是全书要解决的那个「两难」，也是第 3 章成立的理由。
译：既要让人们自由地与总统见面，又要确保国家元首的安全，这事变得越来越难了。
句 5 · p.9 破折号同位语 + for doing + 过去分词定语（机构诞生句）

Instead, Congress wanted the Secret Service to track down and arrest people for printing fake money— a crime called counterfeiting.

拆解want sb to do 是骨架；to 后面两个动词并列 track down and arrest（追查 + 逮捕），再用 for printing fake money 说明「因为什么罪」（for + 动名词）。破折号后面 a crime called counterfeiting 是同位语，给前面整件事重新命名——「一种叫伪造货币的罪」；其中 called 又是过去分词作后置定语（＝which is called…）。一句话同时交代了「谁、要谁、做什么、因为什么、这叫什么」，是信息密度极高的说明文句子。顺便记住：counterfeit（造假）→ counterfeiting（造假行为）→ counterfeiter（造假者）。
译：恰恰相反，国会想让特勤局去追查并逮捕印制假钞的人——这种罪叫「伪造货币」。
句 6 · p.11 Though 让步 + for sb to do + 直接引语（林肯名言）

"Though it would be safer for a president to live in a cage, it would interfere with his business," he said.

拆解这是一个把 让步从句放前面、主句放后面 的直接引语。前半句 Though it would be safer… 里，it 是形式主语，真主语是 for a president to live in a cage（for + 名词 + to do 是不定式的逻辑主语）；would 表假设。主句 it would interfere with his business 又是形式主语 it，真主语回指前半句那件事。interfere with 妨碍，business 在这里是「正事、职责」不是「生意」。注意英文引号：逗号放在引号内，且 although/though 引导的从句后面不能再接 but。这句「笼子」的比喻，正是第 3 章的标题来源，Quick Check 第 8 题也考它的言外之意——保镖会限制总统办事。
译：「虽然总统住在笼子里会更安全，可那会耽误他办事」，他这样说。
句 7 · p.12 Even after + It takes time + whose 宾语从句（制度空转句）

Even after Lincoln's assassination, it took some time for the government to decide whose job it was to protect the president.

拆解两层「形式主语」套在一起，是全书最难拆的一句。外层：It took some time for the government to decide…＝「政府花了不少时间才决定……」，it 是形式主语，真主语是 for…to decide。内层：decide 的宾语是 whose job it was to protect the president——whose 引导宾语从句，必须用陈述语序（whose job it was ✓，不是 whose job was it ✗）；从句里又用了一次 it 作形式主语，真主语是句尾的 to protect the president。翻成中文最顺的说法是「到底该由谁来保护总统」。一个 Even after 开头，把「连总统遇刺都没能立刻解决这个问题」的无奈全压住了。
译：即便在林肯遇刺之后，政府仍花了不少时间，才定下「保护总统究竟是谁的职责」。
句 8 · p.22 As long as 条件句 + 双分词定语（全书收官句）

As long as there are people willing to harm America's elected leader, there will be Secret Service agents sworn to stop them.

拆解As long as 不是「和……一样长」，而是「只要」，引导条件从句；从句里 willing to harm America's elected leader 是形容词短语作后置定语修饰 people（＝who are willing to…）。主句 there will be Secret Service agents 是 there be 句型，真正主语在 be 后面；句尾 sworn to stop them 又是过去分词短语作后置定语（＝who have sworn to stop them）。最妙的是 sworn：它回扣第 1 段 had just been sworn in（总统宣誓就职）和第 3 段 had sworn an oath（探员宣誓保护），全书以「宣誓」开场、以「宣誓」收束。elected（民选的）又回扣第 2 章的 democracy——绕了一整本，闭环合上。
译：只要还有人想伤害美国民选的元首，就会有宣过誓要拦住他们的特勤局探员。

4复述与写作

先复述后写作：说得出来，才写得出来。复述可对照本模块开头的思维导图。

🗺️ 文章思维导图

一张图收全书。向右滑动查看全图；下面的复述挑战就靠它。

The Secret Service 特勤局 · 精读 ① Inauguration Day 开篇 · 现场 2009.1.21 奥巴马就职；探员不看总统、只扫视人群 封路 / 安检点 / 楼顶士兵 / 战机 / 巡逻艇 「野兽」：看着像 limousine，实为八英寸装甲的坦克 Nothing bad happened — all in a day's work ② President of the People 民主传统 建国初期白宫很少锁门，谁都能来喝茶、讨差事 democracy：不要世袭国王，要选举产生领导人 总统乐意握手聊天，想「be seen as just like everyone else」 As the nation grew, so did the threats → Something needed to be done ③ 1865 · Life in a Cage 成立与林肯 1865 国会成立，最初打假币 counterfeiting（近一半纸币是假） 得名于 worked in secret，不是因为保护总统要保密 林肯拒绝保护：「住在笼子里会耽误他办事」 1865.4.14 福特剧院遇刺时，值班保镖只有一人 ④ A Slave of His Office 制度落地 职责真空：陆军 / 华盛顿警察轮流守卫 1881 加菲尔德遇刺（凶手曾上门讨差事被拒） 《纽约论坛报》反对保镖：会让总统成「职务的奴隶」 1901 麦金莱遇刺 → 国会请特勤局保护此后每一位总统 ⑤ On Guard / Family / Gear 今天怎么保护 总部九楼；还护候选人、副总统、外国官员与大型活动 威胁来自电话 / 邮件 / 互联网，逐条 investigate 第一家庭的代价：every move is watched；珍娜 sneak out 墨镜看清人群、耳麦听指令、袖中麦克风通话 ⑥ Danger Is Their Business 危险与誓言 1981 里根遇刺：McCarthy 用身体挡子弹，另一人制服枪手 「I forgot to duck」——一句名言，一次与死神擦肩 保护总统＝报效国家；35 名工作人员因公殉职 trained to take a bullet；以 sworn to stop them 收束全书
🧠 用法建议：① 遮住右侧叶子，只看 6 个分支回忆细节；② 遮住全部，画自己的导图再对照；③ 顺序讲一遍 = 三星复述挑战达成（见本模块下方）。

🗣 Part A · 复述三级挑战

⭐ 一星挑战 · 一句话概括（Main Idea）

用下面的"句子框架"说出一句话概括：

This book is mainly about （the history and role of the Secret Service）. It tells me that the agency started in 1865 to catch counterfeiters, and today it protects the president.

⭐⭐ 二星挑战 · 分支复述（用思维导图）

按导图 6 个分支，每个分支说 1–2 句。用这些"分支开场句"：

① On Inauguration Day 2009, agents watched the crowd, not the president…
② Early presidents met people freely because the U.S. is a democracy…
③ In 1865 Congress formed the agency to fight counterfeiting…
④ After Lincoln, Garfield and McKinley were assassinated, Congress gave it the job in 1901…
⑤ Today agents investigate every threat and stay close to the first family…
⑥ Agents are trained to take a bullet for the president…

⭐⭐⭐ 三星挑战 · 完整复述（2 分钟，不看导图）

把 6 个分支连成一段完整口头复述，必须用上 3 个连接词：

First … Then … After that … However … Finally / Today …

💡 小技巧：复述按时间线走：2009 现场 → 建国初期 → 1865 打假币 → 1865 林肯 → 1881 → 1901 → 今天 → 誓言，链条不乱，逻辑满分。

📋 复述自评表（每项 1–3 分，≥10 分过关）

评价项1 分2 分3 分
内容完整只说了 1–2 个分支说了 3–4 个分支6 个分支全说到
细节与数字没有细节有 1–2 个细节/数字有 3 个以上细节/数字
连接词没用连接词用了 1–2 个用了 3 个以上且自然
语音语调断续、听不清较流利流利、有停顿和重音

✍️ Part B · 写作任务（三选一或全做）

任务 1 · 仿写历史说明段 80–100 词

题目：How an Organization Changed（写一个机构/制度是怎么变化的：校队、图书馆、社团都行）。要求：① 用 In 1865 / Afterward / Today 写清时间顺序；② 至少 2 个数字（年份、人数）；③ 用上本课 2 个词汇（如 Congress / investigate / protect）。

🧰 句型支架：In ______, it was formed to ______. / Afterward, ______. / Today, it ______.

任务 2 · 特勤局简史短文 100–120 词

题目：A Short History of the Secret Service。三段式：① 起点（1865 打假币、名字由来）；② 转折（林肯 / 加菲尔德 / 麦金莱三次遇刺，1901 国会授权）；③ 今天（总部、威胁处置、家属与誓言），并用 today 收尾。

🧰 必用句型：At first its job was not to ______. / It was not until ______ that ______. / Today, agents ______.

任务 3 · 观点短文（带证据） 70–90 词

题目：Should a President Always Have Bodyguards?（总统是否应该永远有保镖？）亮出判断，用课文证据（《纽约论坛报》的「职务的奴隶」、林肯的「笼子」、1981 年里根枪击）支撑，至少 2 个 because / therefore，再加 1 个让步（although / even though）。

🧰 观点句型：I think ______ because ______. / Although bodyguards limit freedom, ______. / According to the book, ______. / In my opinion, ______.

✅ 写作自查清单（交稿前逐项打勾）

  • 每个句子首字母大写，专有名词（Congress / White House / Lincoln）也大写
  • 主谓一致（He protects ✓ / He protect ✗）
  • 用上了至少 2 个本课词汇（如 investigate / threat / oath）
  • 用上了至少 1 个时间顺序词或因果连接词
  • 用了至少 1 个年份、数字或课文里的真实事例
  • 大声读一遍：卡壳的地方就是要改的地方

5拓展

原书 worksheet 三页的互动版：① 主旨与细节 / 写摘要（教案核心策略 Summarize）→ ② 专有名词大写并高亮人名 → ③ 闭合复合词配对。做题前建议先读完课文；参考答案都藏在「💡」按钮里，先自己做完再看。

📋 练习一 · 练习一 · 主旨与细节 / 写摘要 Main Idea & Details / Summary

原书指令：Write the main idea and supporting details for a section in the book. Then use the main idea and details to write a summary. 请为 On Guard（p.14–17） 这一章写出 1 句主旨、6 条支撑细节，再用它们写成一段 2–3 句的英文摘要。中英混写也可以，系统会按要点覆盖给分。

📖 选定章节：On Guard（p.14–17）
1
2
3
4
5
6
💡 写摘要的诀窍：① 先找这一章反复出现的词（threat / investigate / protect）；② 用章节标题当主旨的线索；③ 摘要只写最重要的 2–3 件事实，别把全部细节都塞进去。教案原话：summary 要回答 who / what / when / where / why。

✏️ 练习二 · 练习二 · 专有名词大写（再高亮人名） Proper Nouns · Names of People

原书指令：In the text below, circle the letters that should be capitalized because they are proper nouns. Then highlight the proper nouns that name people. 这段文字里，专有名词的首字母被故意写成了小写。操作：点单词循环切换——第 1 下圈成应大写，第 2 下切成人名专有名词，第 3 下取消。句首本来就大写、或已经写对的词（如 September 14）不用点。

应大写（34 处） 其中是人名（21 处） 点第 3 下取消 · 无需大写的词不要点
In the history of the united states, four presidents have actually died from assassination. abraham lincoln was shot in the head while watching a play on april 14, 1865. His assassin, john wilkes booth, escaped and was later shot and killed. charles guiteau, a mentally disturbed government office seeker, shot president james garfield on july 2, 1881. The president died of blood poisoning on september 19. william mckinley was shot two times by leon czolgosz while the president was visiting an exhibit in buffalo, new york, on september 6, 1901. He died on September 14, 1901. On november 22, 1963, john f. kennedy was mortally wounded while riding in a motorcade in dallas, texas. His apparent assassin, lee harvey oswald, was killed by another man, jack ruby, before standing trial.
💡 判断口诀：具体的人名、地名、月份、国家名、机构名 → 要大写；普通名词（president / assassin / government）→ 不大写。注意 president 只有在和人名连用作头衔时（President James Garfield）才大写。人名里每个词都要点，包括中间的缩写 f.。

🔗 练习三 · 练习三 · 闭合复合词配对 Closed Compound Words

原书指令：Match words from the left-hand column with words from the right-hand column to create compound words from The Secret Service. Then write the compound words you created on the lines at the bottom of the page. 操作：给左栏 10 个词各选一个右栏词配成复合词，再把造出的词按「每行一个」写进下面的框里（写出几个都行，多多益善）。

右栏词库：thing · side · guards · head · times · paper · named · by · set · quarters
over+
nick+
out+
any+
head+
body+
news+
up+
near+
some+
💡 闭合复合词 = 两个小词直接拼起来，中间不加空格也不加连字符。课文里都能找到：circled overhead（p.5）、nearby（p.4）、sunglasses、newspaper、bodyguards、afterward、headquarters（p.14）。先猜每个小词的意思，再合起来验证。